Early Enteral Nutrition in Neonates Following Abdominal Surgery

Introduction: Nil per oral (NPO)/nil by mouth has been the most commonly practiced convention in post-operative period. Misplaced fear of aspiration led to routine prescription of “NPO.” Starvation leads to atrophy of the gut mucosa leading to decreased barrier effect of gut mucosa. This starvation...

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Main Authors: G. Raghavendra Prasad, J. V. Subba Rao, Amtul Aziz, T. M. Rashmi, Saniya Ahmed
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: EL-Med-Pub 2018-04-01
Series:Journal of Neonatal Surgery
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.jneonatalsurg.com/ojs/index.php/jns/article/view/384
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spelling doaj-aace968032174d37b4b575d8de184ce42020-11-25T03:56:33ZengEL-Med-PubJournal of Neonatal Surgery2226-04392018-04-017210.21699/jns.v7i2.740384Early Enteral Nutrition in Neonates Following Abdominal SurgeryG. Raghavendra PrasadJ. V. Subba RaoAmtul Aziz0T. M. RashmiSaniya AhmedPrincess Esra Hospital, Deccan College of Medical Sciences. Introduction: Nil per oral (NPO)/nil by mouth has been the most commonly practiced convention in post-operative period. Misplaced fear of aspiration led to routine prescription of “NPO.” Starvation leads to atrophy of the gut mucosa leading to decreased barrier effect of gut mucosa. This starvation-induced gut mucosal injury increases septic complications and mortality. The study aims at establishing the feasibility and effect of early enteral nutrition (EEN) in neonates following abdominal surgeries. Materials and Methods: A total of 260 cases formed the cohort of prospective cohort study, 79 in EEN - Group “A” and 181 in NPO - Group “B.” Effect of EEN was evaluated with regard to outcome, hospital stay, surgical site infections (SSI), stress markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF α), and neonatal-predisposition, insult/injury, response, organ failure (Neo-PIRO) scores, intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) grade, tolerance of feeds, and time to first stool. Chi-square was the statistical method used. Epi info version 7 was the software used. Results: Group B had higher mortality (20.09%) than Group A (P < 0.05). 33.7 in Group B developed SSI, of which 90% were deep and intracavitary (P < 0.05). Hospital stay was less in Group A (P < 0.05). CRP and Neo-PIRO scores were less in Group A compared to Group B (P < 0.05). TNF-α expression and IAP scores were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Procalcitonin levels were higher in Group B. Feeds were better tolerated in Group A. First stool appeared earlier in Group A than B. There was no difference in anastomotic leak in both the groups. Conclusion: EEN in neonates following abdominal surgeries is feasible, well tolerated reduces the hospital stay and mortality, and reduces SSIs, and early gut motility could be established. https://www.jneonatalsurg.com/ojs/index.php/jns/article/view/384Early enteral nutritionEndogenous endotoxemiaNil per oral
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author G. Raghavendra Prasad
J. V. Subba Rao
Amtul Aziz
T. M. Rashmi
Saniya Ahmed
spellingShingle G. Raghavendra Prasad
J. V. Subba Rao
Amtul Aziz
T. M. Rashmi
Saniya Ahmed
Early Enteral Nutrition in Neonates Following Abdominal Surgery
Journal of Neonatal Surgery
Early enteral nutrition
Endogenous endotoxemia
Nil per oral
author_facet G. Raghavendra Prasad
J. V. Subba Rao
Amtul Aziz
T. M. Rashmi
Saniya Ahmed
author_sort G. Raghavendra Prasad
title Early Enteral Nutrition in Neonates Following Abdominal Surgery
title_short Early Enteral Nutrition in Neonates Following Abdominal Surgery
title_full Early Enteral Nutrition in Neonates Following Abdominal Surgery
title_fullStr Early Enteral Nutrition in Neonates Following Abdominal Surgery
title_full_unstemmed Early Enteral Nutrition in Neonates Following Abdominal Surgery
title_sort early enteral nutrition in neonates following abdominal surgery
publisher EL-Med-Pub
series Journal of Neonatal Surgery
issn 2226-0439
publishDate 2018-04-01
description Introduction: Nil per oral (NPO)/nil by mouth has been the most commonly practiced convention in post-operative period. Misplaced fear of aspiration led to routine prescription of “NPO.” Starvation leads to atrophy of the gut mucosa leading to decreased barrier effect of gut mucosa. This starvation-induced gut mucosal injury increases septic complications and mortality. The study aims at establishing the feasibility and effect of early enteral nutrition (EEN) in neonates following abdominal surgeries. Materials and Methods: A total of 260 cases formed the cohort of prospective cohort study, 79 in EEN - Group “A” and 181 in NPO - Group “B.” Effect of EEN was evaluated with regard to outcome, hospital stay, surgical site infections (SSI), stress markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF α), and neonatal-predisposition, insult/injury, response, organ failure (Neo-PIRO) scores, intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) grade, tolerance of feeds, and time to first stool. Chi-square was the statistical method used. Epi info version 7 was the software used. Results: Group B had higher mortality (20.09%) than Group A (P < 0.05). 33.7 in Group B developed SSI, of which 90% were deep and intracavitary (P < 0.05). Hospital stay was less in Group A (P < 0.05). CRP and Neo-PIRO scores were less in Group A compared to Group B (P < 0.05). TNF-α expression and IAP scores were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Procalcitonin levels were higher in Group B. Feeds were better tolerated in Group A. First stool appeared earlier in Group A than B. There was no difference in anastomotic leak in both the groups. Conclusion: EEN in neonates following abdominal surgeries is feasible, well tolerated reduces the hospital stay and mortality, and reduces SSIs, and early gut motility could be established.
topic Early enteral nutrition
Endogenous endotoxemia
Nil per oral
url https://www.jneonatalsurg.com/ojs/index.php/jns/article/view/384
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