Thermodynamic Study on Reduction of Iron Oxides by H<sub>2</sub> + CO + CH<sub>4</sub> + N<sub>2</sub> Mixture at 900 °C

Thermodynamic Study on Reduction of Iron Oxides by H<sub>2</sub> + CO + CH<sub>4</sub> + N<sub>2</sub> Mixture at 900 °C

The reduction gas used in the gas-based direct reduction iron-making process contains CH<sub>4</sub> in different concentrations, which has an important effect on the gas and heat needed for the reduction of iron oxide. To investigate the influence of CH<sub>4</sub> on gas ut...

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Main Authors: Guanyong Sun, Bin Li, Hanjie Guo, Wensheng Yang, Shaoying Li, Jing Guo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-09-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
thermodynamic model
gas-based direct reduction ironmaking
gas utilization rate
CH<sub>4</sub> conversion
minimized Gibbs free energy principle
equilibrium state
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/19/5053
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spelling doaj-aac5042b4e4d4c729c1e91d4dc29d7052020-11-25T02:55:05ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732020-09-01135053505310.3390/en13195053Thermodynamic Study on Reduction of Iron Oxides by H<sub>2</sub> + CO + CH<sub>4</sub> + N<sub>2</sub> Mixture at 900 °CGuanyong Sun0Bin Li1Hanjie Guo2Wensheng Yang3Shaoying Li4Jing Guo5School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, ChinaSchool of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, ChinaThe reduction gas used in the gas-based direct reduction iron-making process contains CH<sub>4</sub> in different concentrations, which has an important effect on the gas and heat needed for the reduction of iron oxide. To investigate the influence of CH<sub>4</sub> on gas utilization rate and heat needed at 900 °C, the initial conditions are set as H<sub>2</sub>% + CO% = 90, CH<sub>4</sub>% + N<sub>2</sub>% = 10, gas pressure 1–9 atm, and 0.5 mol Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and the equilibrium state composition is calculated using the minimum free energy method. The utilization rate of total gas can be improved, and gas demand can be decreased by increasing CH<sub>4</sub> concentration or H<sub>2</sub> concentration or reducing gas pressure. For the production of per ton of Fe from 25 °C to 900 °C, 6.08–7.29 m<sup>3</sup> of reduction gas, and 7.338–8.952 MJ of gas sensible heat can be saved by increasing 1 m<sup>3</sup> CH<sub>4</sub>, while 10.959–11.189 MJ of reaction heat is increased. Compared with 3390.828–3865.760 MJ of the total heat of per ton of Fe for the reduction by H<sub>2</sub> + CO, 2.174–3.703 MJ of total heat is increased by increasing 1 m<sup>3</sup> CH<sub>4</sub>, and the increase ratio is 0.065–0.096%. This study is helpful to improve the gas efficiency and lower the pursuit of higher concentration of H<sub>2</sub> + CO in reduction gas.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/19/5053thermodynamic modelgas-based direct reduction ironmakinggas utilization rateCH<sub>4</sub> conversionminimized Gibbs free energy principleequilibrium state
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Guanyong Sun
Bin Li
Hanjie Guo
Wensheng Yang
Shaoying Li
Jing Guo
spellingShingle Guanyong Sun
Bin Li
Hanjie Guo
Wensheng Yang
Shaoying Li
Jing Guo
Thermodynamic Study on Reduction of Iron Oxides by H<sub>2</sub> + CO + CH<sub>4</sub> + N<sub>2</sub> Mixture at 900 °C
Energies
thermodynamic model
gas-based direct reduction ironmaking
gas utilization rate
CH<sub>4</sub> conversion
minimized Gibbs free energy principle
equilibrium state
author_facet Guanyong Sun
Bin Li
Hanjie Guo
Wensheng Yang
Shaoying Li
Jing Guo
author_sort Guanyong Sun
title Thermodynamic Study on Reduction of Iron Oxides by H<sub>2</sub> + CO + CH<sub>4</sub> + N<sub>2</sub> Mixture at 900 °C
title_short Thermodynamic Study on Reduction of Iron Oxides by H<sub>2</sub> + CO + CH<sub>4</sub> + N<sub>2</sub> Mixture at 900 °C
title_full Thermodynamic Study on Reduction of Iron Oxides by H<sub>2</sub> + CO + CH<sub>4</sub> + N<sub>2</sub> Mixture at 900 °C
title_fullStr Thermodynamic Study on Reduction of Iron Oxides by H<sub>2</sub> + CO + CH<sub>4</sub> + N<sub>2</sub> Mixture at 900 °C
title_full_unstemmed Thermodynamic Study on Reduction of Iron Oxides by H<sub>2</sub> + CO + CH<sub>4</sub> + N<sub>2</sub> Mixture at 900 °C
title_sort thermodynamic study on reduction of iron oxides by h<sub>2</sub> + co + ch<sub>4</sub> + n<sub>2</sub> mixture at 900 °c
publisher MDPI AG
series Energies
issn 1996-1073
publishDate 2020-09-01
description The reduction gas used in the gas-based direct reduction iron-making process contains CH<sub>4</sub> in different concentrations, which has an important effect on the gas and heat needed for the reduction of iron oxide. To investigate the influence of CH<sub>4</sub> on gas utilization rate and heat needed at 900 °C, the initial conditions are set as H<sub>2</sub>% + CO% = 90, CH<sub>4</sub>% + N<sub>2</sub>% = 10, gas pressure 1–9 atm, and 0.5 mol Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and the equilibrium state composition is calculated using the minimum free energy method. The utilization rate of total gas can be improved, and gas demand can be decreased by increasing CH<sub>4</sub> concentration or H<sub>2</sub> concentration or reducing gas pressure. For the production of per ton of Fe from 25 °C to 900 °C, 6.08–7.29 m<sup>3</sup> of reduction gas, and 7.338–8.952 MJ of gas sensible heat can be saved by increasing 1 m<sup>3</sup> CH<sub>4</sub>, while 10.959–11.189 MJ of reaction heat is increased. Compared with 3390.828–3865.760 MJ of the total heat of per ton of Fe for the reduction by H<sub>2</sub> + CO, 2.174–3.703 MJ of total heat is increased by increasing 1 m<sup>3</sup> CH<sub>4</sub>, and the increase ratio is 0.065–0.096%. This study is helpful to improve the gas efficiency and lower the pursuit of higher concentration of H<sub>2</sub> + CO in reduction gas.
topic thermodynamic model
gas-based direct reduction ironmaking
gas utilization rate
CH<sub>4</sub> conversion
minimized Gibbs free energy principle
equilibrium state
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/19/5053
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AT binli thermodynamicstudyonreductionofironoxidesbyhsub2subcochsub4subnsub2submixtureat900c
AT hanjieguo thermodynamicstudyonreductionofironoxidesbyhsub2subcochsub4subnsub2submixtureat900c
AT wenshengyang thermodynamicstudyonreductionofironoxidesbyhsub2subcochsub4subnsub2submixtureat900c
AT shaoyingli thermodynamicstudyonreductionofironoxidesbyhsub2subcochsub4subnsub2submixtureat900c
AT jingguo thermodynamicstudyonreductionofironoxidesbyhsub2subcochsub4subnsub2submixtureat900c
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