Design and Diagnostics of High-Precision Accelerator Neutrino Beams

• Main Authors: Nikolaos Charitonidis, Andrea Longhin, Michelangelo Pari, Elisabetta Giulia Parozzi, Francesco Terranova
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-02-01
• Series: Applied Sciences
• Subjects: neutrino beams; neutrino detectors; diagnostics; accelerators
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/4/1644

Neutrino oscillation physics has entered a new precision era, which poses major challenges to the level of control and diagnostics of the neutrino beams. In this paper, we review the design of high-precision beams, their current limitations, and the latest techniques envisaged to overcome such limits. We put emphasis on “monitored neutrino beams” and advanced diagnostics to determine the flux and flavor of the neutrinos produced at the source at the per-cent level. We also discuss ab-initio measurements of the neutrino energy–i.e., measurements performed without relying on the event reconstruction at the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>ν</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> detector–to remove any flux induced bias in the determination of the cross sections.