Onion (Allium cepa L.)-Derived Nanoparticles Inhibited LPS-Induced Nitrate Production, However, Their Intracellular Incorporation by Endocytosis Was Not Involved in This Effect on RAW264 Cells

The aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of nanoparticles prepared from Allium cepa L. as anti-inflammatory agents. In the present study, we identified nanoparticles from Allium cepa L. using the ultracentrifugation exosome purification method. The...

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Main Authors:	Masao Yamasaki, Yumi Yamasaki, Rina Furusho, Hayaka Kimura, Ichiro Kamei, Hiroko Sonoda, Masahiro Ikeda, Tatsuya Oshima, Kenjiro Ogawa, Kazuo Nishiyama
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2021-05-01
Series:	Molecules
Subjects:	<i>Allium cepa</i> L. nanovesicles lipopolysaccharide endocytosis
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/9/2763

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spelling	doaj-a941296874824cae8a64726aaf7623ae2021-05-31T23:25:14ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-05-01262763276310.3390/molecules26092763Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.)-Derived Nanoparticles Inhibited LPS-Induced Nitrate Production, However, Their Intracellular Incorporation by Endocytosis Was Not Involved in This Effect on RAW264 CellsMasao Yamasaki0Yumi Yamasaki1Rina Furusho2Hayaka Kimura3Ichiro Kamei4Hiroko Sonoda5Masahiro Ikeda6Tatsuya Oshima7Kenjiro Ogawa8Kazuo Nishiyama9Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanFaculty of Regional Innovation, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanDepartment of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanFaculty of Regional Innovation, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanDepartment of Forest and Environmental Sciences, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanDepartment of Veterinary Science, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanDepartment of Veterinary Science, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanDepartment of Applied Chemistry, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanOrganization for Promotion of Tenure Track, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanDepartment of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanThe aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of nanoparticles prepared from <i>Allium cepa</i> L. as anti-inflammatory agents. In the present study, we identified nanoparticles from <i>Allium cepa</i> L. using the ultracentrifugation exosome purification method. The nanoparticles were referred to as 17,000× <i>g</i> and 200,000× <i>g</i> precipitates, and they contained quercetins, proteins, lipids, and small-sized RNA. The nanoparticles inhibited nitric oxide production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264 cells without cytotoxic properties. Cellular incorporation was confirmed by laser microscopic observation after PKH26 staining. The inhibition of caveolae-dependent endocytosis and macropinocytosis significantly prevented the incorporation of the nanoparticles but had no effect on the inhibition of nitric oxide in RAW264 cells. Collectively, the identified nanoparticles were capable of inhibiting the LPS response via extracellular mechanisms. Taken together, the way of consuming <i>Allium cepa</i> L. without collapsing the nanoparticles is expected to provide an efficient anti-inflammatory effect.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/9/2763<i>Allium cepa</i> L.nanovesicleslipopolysaccharideendocytosis
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Masao Yamasaki Yumi Yamasaki Rina Furusho Hayaka Kimura Ichiro Kamei Hiroko Sonoda Masahiro Ikeda Tatsuya Oshima Kenjiro Ogawa Kazuo Nishiyama
spellingShingle	Masao Yamasaki Yumi Yamasaki Rina Furusho Hayaka Kimura Ichiro Kamei Hiroko Sonoda Masahiro Ikeda Tatsuya Oshima Kenjiro Ogawa Kazuo Nishiyama Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.)-Derived Nanoparticles Inhibited LPS-Induced Nitrate Production, However, Their Intracellular Incorporation by Endocytosis Was Not Involved in This Effect on RAW264 Cells Molecules <i>Allium cepa</i> L. nanovesicles lipopolysaccharide endocytosis
author_facet	Masao Yamasaki Yumi Yamasaki Rina Furusho Hayaka Kimura Ichiro Kamei Hiroko Sonoda Masahiro Ikeda Tatsuya Oshima Kenjiro Ogawa Kazuo Nishiyama
author_sort	Masao Yamasaki
title	Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.)-Derived Nanoparticles Inhibited LPS-Induced Nitrate Production, However, Their Intracellular Incorporation by Endocytosis Was Not Involved in This Effect on RAW264 Cells
title_short	Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.)-Derived Nanoparticles Inhibited LPS-Induced Nitrate Production, However, Their Intracellular Incorporation by Endocytosis Was Not Involved in This Effect on RAW264 Cells
title_full	Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.)-Derived Nanoparticles Inhibited LPS-Induced Nitrate Production, However, Their Intracellular Incorporation by Endocytosis Was Not Involved in This Effect on RAW264 Cells
title_fullStr	Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.)-Derived Nanoparticles Inhibited LPS-Induced Nitrate Production, However, Their Intracellular Incorporation by Endocytosis Was Not Involved in This Effect on RAW264 Cells
title_full_unstemmed	Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.)-Derived Nanoparticles Inhibited LPS-Induced Nitrate Production, However, Their Intracellular Incorporation by Endocytosis Was Not Involved in This Effect on RAW264 Cells
title_sort	onion (<i>allium cepa</i> l.)-derived nanoparticles inhibited lps-induced nitrate production, however, their intracellular incorporation by endocytosis was not involved in this effect on raw264 cells
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Molecules
issn	1420-3049
publishDate	2021-05-01
description	The aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of nanoparticles prepared from <i>Allium cepa</i> L. as anti-inflammatory agents. In the present study, we identified nanoparticles from <i>Allium cepa</i> L. using the ultracentrifugation exosome purification method. The nanoparticles were referred to as 17,000× <i>g</i> and 200,000× <i>g</i> precipitates, and they contained quercetins, proteins, lipids, and small-sized RNA. The nanoparticles inhibited nitric oxide production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264 cells without cytotoxic properties. Cellular incorporation was confirmed by laser microscopic observation after PKH26 staining. The inhibition of caveolae-dependent endocytosis and macropinocytosis significantly prevented the incorporation of the nanoparticles but had no effect on the inhibition of nitric oxide in RAW264 cells. Collectively, the identified nanoparticles were capable of inhibiting the LPS response via extracellular mechanisms. Taken together, the way of consuming <i>Allium cepa</i> L. without collapsing the nanoparticles is expected to provide an efficient anti-inflammatory effect.
topic	<i>Allium cepa</i> L. nanovesicles lipopolysaccharide endocytosis
url	https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/9/2763
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Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.)-Derived Nanoparticles Inhibited LPS-Induced Nitrate Production, However, Their Intracellular Incorporation by Endocytosis Was Not Involved in This Effect on RAW264 Cells

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