| Summary: | Background: Hormonal changes in women affect bone mineral density, especially during and postmenopausal years, which leads to susceptibility to osteoporosis which interfere with implantation. Aims: This study aims to use cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) viewer program to predict patients with osteoporosis which may decrease the success rate of implantation and to evaluate osteoporosis effect on the posterior mandible. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional study consists of 60 Iraqi females who were divided into three groups: Group 1 consisted of 20 nonosteoporotic females aged 20–30 years as a control group, Group 2 consisted of 20 nonosteoporotic females aged 50 years and above, and Group 3 consisted of 20 osteoporotic females aged 50 years and above. Materials and Methods: The posterior mandibular first molar area was examined for alveolar bone height and radiographic density (RD) using CBCT. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was computer assisted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 21). Interclass correlation coefficient was used for calibration. Normally distributed variables were assessed using one-way ANOVA, and Dunnett test with control and not normally distributed were assessed by Kruskal–Wallis test, and multiple Mann–Whitney U-test with Bonferroni adjustment. Results: RD showed a significant difference between Group 2 and Group 3 (P = 0.000, MD = 158.554). On the other hand, alveolar bone height showed a significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 (P = 0.039). Conclusions: RD in the posterior mandible first molar area is significantly affected in osteoporotic patients and it can be used as a predictor for the presence of osteoporosis using CBCT.
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