Intestinal Permeability, Inflammation and the Role of Nutrients

The interaction between host and external environment mainly occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, where the mucosal barrier has a critical role in many physiologic functions ranging from digestion, absorption, and metabolism. This barrier allows the passage and absorption of nutrients, but at the s...

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Main Authors: Ricard Farré, Marcello Fiorani, Saeed Abdu Rahiman, Gianluca Matteoli
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-04-01
Series:Nutrients
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/4/1185
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spelling doaj-a8e1c8dcef1a4e65b0ea36829ef224c12020-11-25T03:01:39ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432020-04-01121185118510.3390/nu12041185Intestinal Permeability, Inflammation and the Role of NutrientsRicard Farré0Marcello Fiorani1Saeed Abdu Rahiman2Gianluca Matteoli3Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID) Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumTranslational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID) Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumTranslational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID) Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumTranslational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID) Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumThe interaction between host and external environment mainly occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, where the mucosal barrier has a critical role in many physiologic functions ranging from digestion, absorption, and metabolism. This barrier allows the passage and absorption of nutrients, but at the same time, it must regulate the contact between luminal antigens and the immune system, confining undesirable products to the lumen. Diet is an important regulator of the mucosal barrier, and the cross-talk among dietary factors, the immune system, and microbiota is crucial for the modulation of intestinal permeability and for the maintenance of gastrointestinal tract (GI) homeostasis. In the present review, we will discuss the role of a number of dietary nutrients that have been proposed as regulators of inflammation and epithelial barrier function. We will also consider the metabolic function of the microbiota, which is capable of elaborating the diverse nutrients and synthesizing products of great interest. Better knowledge of the influence of dietary nutrients on inflammation and barrier function can be important for the future development of new therapeutic approaches for patients with mucosal barrier dysfunction, a critical factor in the pathogenesis of many GI and non-GI diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/4/1185mucosal barrierepithelial integritynutrientsshort-chain fatty acidsamino acidsvitamins
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Ricard Farré
Marcello Fiorani
Saeed Abdu Rahiman
Gianluca Matteoli
spellingShingle Ricard Farré
Marcello Fiorani
Saeed Abdu Rahiman
Gianluca Matteoli
Intestinal Permeability, Inflammation and the Role of Nutrients
Nutrients
mucosal barrier
epithelial integrity
nutrients
short-chain fatty acids
amino acids
vitamins
author_facet Ricard Farré
Marcello Fiorani
Saeed Abdu Rahiman
Gianluca Matteoli
author_sort Ricard Farré
title Intestinal Permeability, Inflammation and the Role of Nutrients
title_short Intestinal Permeability, Inflammation and the Role of Nutrients
title_full Intestinal Permeability, Inflammation and the Role of Nutrients
title_fullStr Intestinal Permeability, Inflammation and the Role of Nutrients
title_full_unstemmed Intestinal Permeability, Inflammation and the Role of Nutrients
title_sort intestinal permeability, inflammation and the role of nutrients
publisher MDPI AG
series Nutrients
issn 2072-6643
publishDate 2020-04-01
description The interaction between host and external environment mainly occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, where the mucosal barrier has a critical role in many physiologic functions ranging from digestion, absorption, and metabolism. This barrier allows the passage and absorption of nutrients, but at the same time, it must regulate the contact between luminal antigens and the immune system, confining undesirable products to the lumen. Diet is an important regulator of the mucosal barrier, and the cross-talk among dietary factors, the immune system, and microbiota is crucial for the modulation of intestinal permeability and for the maintenance of gastrointestinal tract (GI) homeostasis. In the present review, we will discuss the role of a number of dietary nutrients that have been proposed as regulators of inflammation and epithelial barrier function. We will also consider the metabolic function of the microbiota, which is capable of elaborating the diverse nutrients and synthesizing products of great interest. Better knowledge of the influence of dietary nutrients on inflammation and barrier function can be important for the future development of new therapeutic approaches for patients with mucosal barrier dysfunction, a critical factor in the pathogenesis of many GI and non-GI diseases.
topic mucosal barrier
epithelial integrity
nutrients
short-chain fatty acids
amino acids
vitamins
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/4/1185
work_keys_str_mv AT ricardfarre intestinalpermeabilityinflammationandtheroleofnutrients
AT marcellofiorani intestinalpermeabilityinflammationandtheroleofnutrients
AT saeedabdurahiman intestinalpermeabilityinflammationandtheroleofnutrients
AT gianlucamatteoli intestinalpermeabilityinflammationandtheroleofnutrients
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