Controlling the Antimicrobial Action of Surface Modified Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles

Magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles (Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs) have recently attracted significant attention due to their wide applications as environmentally friendly antimicrobial nanomaterials, with potentially low toxicity and low fabrication cost. Here, we describe the synthesis and char...

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Main Authors: Ahmed F. Halbus, Tommy S. Horozov, Vesselin N. Paunov
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-06-01
Series:Biomimetics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/4/2/41
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spelling doaj-a79d6325fe1e46afa2767273a2d591ed2020-11-24T21:28:36ZengMDPI AGBiomimetics2313-76732019-06-01424110.3390/biomimetics4020041biomimetics4020041Controlling the Antimicrobial Action of Surface Modified Magnesium Hydroxide NanoparticlesAhmed F. Halbus0Tommy S. Horozov1Vesselin N. Paunov2Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Hull, Hull HU67RX, UKDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Hull, Hull HU67RX, UKDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Hull, Hull HU67RX, UKMagnesium hydroxide nanoparticles (Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs) have recently attracted significant attention due to their wide applications as environmentally friendly antimicrobial nanomaterials, with potentially low toxicity and low fabrication cost. Here, we describe the synthesis and characterisation of a range of surface modified Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs, including particle size distribution, crystallite size, zeta potential, isoelectric point, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We explored the antimicrobial activity of the modified Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs on the microalgae (<i>C. reinhardtii</i>), yeast (<i>S. cerevisiae</i>) and <i>Escherichia coli (E. coli</i>). The viability of these cells was evaluated for various concentrations and exposure times with Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs. It was discovered that the antimicrobial activity of the uncoated Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs on the viability of <i>C. reinhardtii</i> occurred at considerably lower particle concentrations than for <i>S. cerevisiae</i> and <i>E. coli</i>. Our results indicate that the antimicrobial activity of polyelectrolyte-coated Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs alternates with their surface charge. The anionic nanoparticles (Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs/PSS) have much lower antibacterial activity than the cationic ones (Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs/PSS/PAH and uncoated Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs). These findings could be explained by the lower adhesion of the Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs/PSS to the cell wall, because of electrostatic repulsion and the enhanced particle-cell adhesion due to electrostatic attraction in the case of cationic Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs. The results can be potentially applied to control the cytotoxicity and the antimicrobial activity of other inorganic nanoparticles.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/4/2/41Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPsmagnesium hydroxidepolyelectrolytespoly (styrene sulfonate)poly (allyl amine) hydrochlorideantimicrobial nanoparticlesalgaeyeastbacteria<i>C. reinhardtii</i><i>S.cerevisiae</i><i>E. coli</i>
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Ahmed F. Halbus
Tommy S. Horozov
Vesselin N. Paunov
spellingShingle Ahmed F. Halbus
Tommy S. Horozov
Vesselin N. Paunov
Controlling the Antimicrobial Action of Surface Modified Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles
Biomimetics
Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs
magnesium hydroxide
polyelectrolytes
poly (styrene sulfonate)
poly (allyl amine) hydrochloride
antimicrobial nanoparticles
algae
yeast
bacteria
<i>C. reinhardtii</i>
<i>S.cerevisiae</i>
<i>E. coli</i>
author_facet Ahmed F. Halbus
Tommy S. Horozov
Vesselin N. Paunov
author_sort Ahmed F. Halbus
title Controlling the Antimicrobial Action of Surface Modified Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles
title_short Controlling the Antimicrobial Action of Surface Modified Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles
title_full Controlling the Antimicrobial Action of Surface Modified Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles
title_fullStr Controlling the Antimicrobial Action of Surface Modified Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles
title_full_unstemmed Controlling the Antimicrobial Action of Surface Modified Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles
title_sort controlling the antimicrobial action of surface modified magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles
publisher MDPI AG
series Biomimetics
issn 2313-7673
publishDate 2019-06-01
description Magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles (Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs) have recently attracted significant attention due to their wide applications as environmentally friendly antimicrobial nanomaterials, with potentially low toxicity and low fabrication cost. Here, we describe the synthesis and characterisation of a range of surface modified Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs, including particle size distribution, crystallite size, zeta potential, isoelectric point, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We explored the antimicrobial activity of the modified Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs on the microalgae (<i>C. reinhardtii</i>), yeast (<i>S. cerevisiae</i>) and <i>Escherichia coli (E. coli</i>). The viability of these cells was evaluated for various concentrations and exposure times with Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs. It was discovered that the antimicrobial activity of the uncoated Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs on the viability of <i>C. reinhardtii</i> occurred at considerably lower particle concentrations than for <i>S. cerevisiae</i> and <i>E. coli</i>. Our results indicate that the antimicrobial activity of polyelectrolyte-coated Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs alternates with their surface charge. The anionic nanoparticles (Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs/PSS) have much lower antibacterial activity than the cationic ones (Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs/PSS/PAH and uncoated Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs). These findings could be explained by the lower adhesion of the Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs/PSS to the cell wall, because of electrostatic repulsion and the enhanced particle-cell adhesion due to electrostatic attraction in the case of cationic Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs. The results can be potentially applied to control the cytotoxicity and the antimicrobial activity of other inorganic nanoparticles.
topic Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>NPs
magnesium hydroxide
polyelectrolytes
poly (styrene sulfonate)
poly (allyl amine) hydrochloride
antimicrobial nanoparticles
algae
yeast
bacteria
<i>C. reinhardtii</i>
<i>S.cerevisiae</i>
<i>E. coli</i>
url https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/4/2/41
work_keys_str_mv AT ahmedfhalbus controllingtheantimicrobialactionofsurfacemodifiedmagnesiumhydroxidenanoparticles
AT tommyshorozov controllingtheantimicrobialactionofsurfacemodifiedmagnesiumhydroxidenanoparticles
AT vesselinnpaunov controllingtheantimicrobialactionofsurfacemodifiedmagnesiumhydroxidenanoparticles
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