PARACOCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS AND AIDS: REPORT OF THE FIRST TWO COLOMBIAN CASES

The records of the first two Colombian patients with AIDS and paracoccidioidomycosis are presented. Both patients were males and had no known risk factors for HIV although in the past they had worked in the field where they could have been infected with the fungus. They exhibited the juvenile type o...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Angela M. TOBON, Beatriz OROZCO, Santiago ESTRADA, Edilma JARAMILLO, Catalina de BEDOUT, Myrtha ARANGO, Angela RESTREPO
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universidade de São Paulo 1998-11-01
Series:Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0036-46651998000600007
Description
Summary:The records of the first two Colombian patients with AIDS and paracoccidioidomycosis are presented. Both patients were males and had no known risk factors for HIV although in the past they had worked in the field where they could have been infected with the fungus. They exhibited the juvenile type of disease with multiple organ system involvement and symptoms of short duration. They were deeply immunodepressed as indicated by less than 100 CD4 T lymphocytes per mL; however, serologic tests revealed circulating anti-Paracoccidioides brasiliensis antibodies and in one patient the first diagnostic clue came from such tests. In one case, the mycosis preceded the AIDS diagnosis while in the other, both pathologies were discovered simultaneously. Antimycotic therapy with itraconazole was administered for over 10 months, with an initial dose of 200 mg/day followed by 100 mg/day; marked improvement of the mycotic signs and symptoms was soon noticed an there have been no signs of relapse. The patients´ improvement was also due to the combined retroviral treatment that was instituted. In spite of the rarity of the AIDS-paracoccidioidomycosis association, physicians practicing in endemic areas should consider the presence of the mycosis in immunosuppressed patients, since a prompt diagnosis and institution of combined antimycotic-anti-retroviral treatments would result in patient improvement and survival. It appears possible that the longer survival time of today's AIDS patients would give the quiescent fungus the opportunity to revive, multiply and cause overt disease.<br>Relato dos dois primeiros casos de pacientes colombianos com AIDS e paracoccidioidomicose. Os pacientes, ambos masculinos, não tinham conhecimento do fator de risco por HIV, embora tivessem no passado trabalhado no campo onde poderíam ter sido infectados por fungos. Eles tiveram o tipo juvenil da doença em vários orgãos com sintomas de curta duração. Eles estavam profundamente imunodeprimidos, com menos de 100 CD4 T linfócitos por mL; todavia, os testes sorológicos revelaram anticorpos circulantes anti-Paracoccidioides brasiliensis em um dos pacientes e os primeiros indícios diagnósticos vieram destes testes. Em um caso, a micose precedeu o diagnóstico da AIDS enquanto que no outro, ambas patologias foram descobertas simultaneamente. A terapia antimicótica com itraconazole, foi dada por 10 meses, começando com 200mg/dia e seguida por 100 mg/dia: foi notada pronunciada melhora nos sintomas e sinais da micose, sem recorrência. A melhora dos pacientes provavelmente também foi devido à combinação do tratamento retro-viral que foi ministrado. Embora rara a associação de AIDS com paracoccidioidomicose, médicos que atuam em áreas endêmicas devem considerar a presença de micoses em pacientes imunodeprimidos como diagnóstico imediato e instaurar o tratamento combinado antimicótico/antiretroviral,que resultaria em melhora e sobrevivência dos pacientes. Parece que é possível que o tempo de sobrevida longo visto nestes pacientes com AIDS dará tempo para o fungo quiescente ressurgir, multiplicar e produzir a doença de forma expressiva.
ISSN:0036-4665
1678-9946