First autochthonous case of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Rondônia, Brazil, a region with no history of visceral leishmaniasis

• Main Authors: Cristian José da Silva, Cristiane Batista Mattos, Kátia Paula Felipin, Hélen Paula de Jesus Silva, Lilian Motta Cantanhêde, Renato Porrozzi, Jansen Fernandes Medeiros, Ricardo de Godoi Mattos Ferreira
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (SBMT)
• Series: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
• Subjects: Canine visceral leishmaniasis; Leishmania infantum; Autochthonous case
• Online Access: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0037-86822018000500712&lng=en&tlng=en
• ISSN: 1678-9849

Abstract This report describes the first autochthonous case of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Rondônia, northern Brazil. A canine resident of the municipality of Cacoal, with clinical signs and symptoms of visceral leishmaniasis, was treated by a veterinarian. Samples were analyzed by a reference laboratory. Dual-path platform (DPP) assay, indirect immunofluorescence technique (IIT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), isolation in a culture medium, and direct parasitological analysis were performed. DPP assay, IIT, and ELISA revealed positive results for Leishmania; PCR identified the species as Leishmania infantum. Based on the clinical presentation and test results, canine visceral leishmaniasis was diagnosed.