Social Responses to Criminal Governance in Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Kingston, and Medellín

Over the past generation Latin America has experienced high levels of criminal violence associated with extortion, the drug trade, and other criminal rackets. While there has been considerable research into the role of state policy in controlling criminal violence, there has been considerably less i...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Enrique Desmond Arias
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Latin American Studies Association 2019-04-01
Series:Latin American Research Review
Online Access:https://larrlasa.org/articles/375
Description
Summary:Over the past generation Latin America has experienced high levels of criminal violence associated with extortion, the drug trade, and other criminal rackets. While there has been considerable research into the role of state policy in controlling criminal violence, there has been considerably less investment in analyzing the success of social action to control both police and criminal violence in the high-conflict zones where criminal groups operate. The inadequacy of the existing literature emerges at least in part from the limited data on successful social efforts to control violence in urban areas controlled by organized crime groups. Drawing on over three hundred qualitative interviews conducted in four cities in Latin America and the Caribbean over an extended period of time, this article examines the various strategies used by civic groups to control violent activities on the part of police and criminal groups. The article observes six different forms of social responses to violence and points to the conditions under which these actions emerge.   Resumen Durante la última generación, América Latina ha experimentado altos niveles de violencia criminal asociada con la extorsión, el tráfico de drogas y otras actividades criminales. Si bien ha habido una considerable investigación sobre el papel de las políticas estatales en el control de la violencia criminal, se ha invertido considerablemente menos en analizar el éxito de la acción social para controlar la violencia policial y criminal en las zonas de alto conflicto donde operan los grupos criminales. La insuficiencia de la literatura existente surge, al menos en parte, de los datos limitados sobre esfuerzos sociales exitosos para controlar la violencia en áreas urbanas controladas por grupos del crimen organizado. Sobre la base de más de trescientas entrevistas cualitativas realizadas en cuatro ciudades de América Latina y el Caribe durante un período prolongado de tiempo, este artículo examina las diversas estrategias utilizadas por los grupos cívicos para controlar las actividades violentas por parte de la policía y los grupos delictivos. El artículo observa seis formas diferentes de respuestas sociales a la violencia criminal y señala las condiciones bajo las cuales surgen estas acciones.
ISSN:1542-4278