| Summary: | The article is devoted to the description of the ratio of the hard and soft pronunciation of consonants, in addition to the borrowed nouns and their derivatives (mainly on the example of a pair kupe - kupejnyj). The author describes the functioning of the word kupe - kupejnyj in synchrony and diachrony, comes to the conclusion that this pair of words could start a special morphological alternation in the Russian language, but the phonetic trends of the modern Russian language prevented the formation of this alternation. The word kupe in the Russian language was borrowed at the beginning of the 19th century initially in the meaning of ‘double carriage’, later it was used in the usual sense for us as ‘room in the car for passengers’. The word kupejnyj appears in the Russian language only in the mid-twentieth century.
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