Low-frequency linear waves and instabilities in uniform and stratified plasmas: the role of kinetic effects
We review the basic approximations underlying magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) theory, with special emphasis on the closure approximations, i.e. the approximations used in any fluid approach to close the hierarchy of moment equations. We then present the main closure models that have been constructed for c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2004-01-01
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| Series: | Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics |
| Online Access: | http://www.nonlin-processes-geophys.net/11/731/2004/npg-11-731-2004.pdf |