Neurotoxicity of drugs

• Main Authors: S. S. Postnikov, M. N. Kostyleva, A. N. Gratsianskaya, A. E. Ermilin, A. B. Strok, S. M. Shatunov
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Izdatelstvo OKI 2018-05-01
• Series: Качественная клиническая практика
• Subjects: нейротоксичность; антиконвульсанты; психотропные средства; анестетики; антибиотики; беременность; кормление грудью; фетальный антиконвульсантный синдром; neurotoxicity; anticonvulsants; psychotropic agents; anesthetics; antibiotics; pregnancy; breast-feeding; fetal anticonvulsant syndrome
• Online Access: https://www.clinvest.ru/jour/article/view/107

Neurotoxicity is not uncommon in use of the drugs in many therapeutic classes. Manifestations of neurotoxicity vary from ototoxicity, visceral neuropathy and neuromuscular blockade (defeat of the peripheral nervous system) to impaired consciousness, nonspecific encephalopathy, seizures and non-convulsive epileptic status (central nervous system damage). The article presents predisposing factors of neurotoxicity, as well as the mechanisms of its development. On the example of neuroactive drugs (anticonvulsants, anesthetics and psychotropic drugs) their effect in the antenatal period and during lactation is examined. In the post-neonatal period antibiotics play an important role in the neurotoxic effect, in particular, ß-lactams and fluoroquinolones.