The Emergence of Avian Orthoavulavirus 13 in Wild Migratory Waterfowl in China Revealed the Existence of Diversified Trailer Region Sequences and HN Gene Lengths within this Serotype

<i>Avian orthoavulavirus 13</i> (AOAV-13), also named <i>avian paramyxovirus 13</i> (APMV-13), has been found sporadically in wild birds around the world ever since the discovery of AOAV-13 (AOAV-13/wild goose/Shimane/67/2000) in a wild goose from Japan in 2000. However, ther...

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Main Authors:	Yidong Fei, Xinxin Liu, Jiaqi Mu, Junjiao Li, Xibing Yu, Jin Chang, Yuhai Bi, Tobias Stoeger, Abdul Wajid, Denys Muzyka, Kirill Sharshov, Alexander Shestopalov, Alongkorn Amonsin, Jianjun Chen, Zhuang Ding, Renfu Yin
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2019-07-01
Series:	Viruses
Subjects:	<i>avian orthoavulavirus</i> 13 migratory waterfowl HN gene trailer genetic relationships
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/7/646

id	doaj-a1a1060a409e41c789b10ab0b7249856
record_format	Article
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Yidong Fei Xinxin Liu Jiaqi Mu Junjiao Li Xibing Yu Jin Chang Yuhai Bi Tobias Stoeger Abdul Wajid Denys Muzyka Kirill Sharshov Alexander Shestopalov Alongkorn Amonsin Jianjun Chen Zhuang Ding Renfu Yin
spellingShingle	Yidong Fei Xinxin Liu Jiaqi Mu Junjiao Li Xibing Yu Jin Chang Yuhai Bi Tobias Stoeger Abdul Wajid Denys Muzyka Kirill Sharshov Alexander Shestopalov Alongkorn Amonsin Jianjun Chen Zhuang Ding Renfu Yin The Emergence of Avian Orthoavulavirus 13 in Wild Migratory Waterfowl in China Revealed the Existence of Diversified Trailer Region Sequences and HN Gene Lengths within this Serotype Viruses <i>avian orthoavulavirus</i> 13 migratory waterfowl HN gene trailer genetic relationships
author_facet	Yidong Fei Xinxin Liu Jiaqi Mu Junjiao Li Xibing Yu Jin Chang Yuhai Bi Tobias Stoeger Abdul Wajid Denys Muzyka Kirill Sharshov Alexander Shestopalov Alongkorn Amonsin Jianjun Chen Zhuang Ding Renfu Yin
author_sort	Yidong Fei
title	The Emergence of Avian Orthoavulavirus 13 in Wild Migratory Waterfowl in China Revealed the Existence of Diversified Trailer Region Sequences and HN Gene Lengths within this Serotype
title_short	The Emergence of Avian Orthoavulavirus 13 in Wild Migratory Waterfowl in China Revealed the Existence of Diversified Trailer Region Sequences and HN Gene Lengths within this Serotype
title_full	The Emergence of Avian Orthoavulavirus 13 in Wild Migratory Waterfowl in China Revealed the Existence of Diversified Trailer Region Sequences and HN Gene Lengths within this Serotype
title_fullStr	The Emergence of Avian Orthoavulavirus 13 in Wild Migratory Waterfowl in China Revealed the Existence of Diversified Trailer Region Sequences and HN Gene Lengths within this Serotype
title_full_unstemmed	The Emergence of Avian Orthoavulavirus 13 in Wild Migratory Waterfowl in China Revealed the Existence of Diversified Trailer Region Sequences and HN Gene Lengths within this Serotype
title_sort	emergence of avian orthoavulavirus 13 in wild migratory waterfowl in china revealed the existence of diversified trailer region sequences and hn gene lengths within this serotype
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Viruses
issn	1999-4915
publishDate	2019-07-01
description	<i>Avian orthoavulavirus 13</i> (AOAV-13), also named <i>avian paramyxovirus 13</i> (APMV-13), has been found sporadically in wild birds around the world ever since the discovery of AOAV-13 (AOAV-13/wild goose/Shimane/67/2000) in a wild goose from Japan in 2000. However, there are no reports of AOAV-13 in China. In the present study, a novel AOAV-13 virus (AOAV-13/wild goose/China/Hubei/V93-1/2015), isolated from a wild migratory waterfowl in a wetland of Hubei province of China, during active surveillance from 2013 to 2018, was biologically and genetically characterized. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated a very close genetic relationship among all AOAV-13 strains, as revealed by very few genetic variations. Moreover, pathogenicity tests indicated that the V93-1 strain is a low virulent virus for chickens. However, the genome of the V93-1 virus was found to be 16,158 nucleotides (nt) in length, which is 12 nt or 162 nt longer than the other AOAV-13 strains that have been reported to date. The length difference of 12 nt in strain V93-1 is due to the existence of three repeats of the conserved sequence, “AAAAAT”, in the 5′-end trailer of the genome. Moreover, the HN gene of the V93-1 virus is 2070 nt in size, encoding 610 aa, which is the same size as the AOAV-13 strain from Japan, whereas that of two strains from Ukraine and Kazakhstan are 2080 nt in length, encoding 579 aa. We describe a novel AOAV-13 in migratory waterfowl in China, which suggests that diversified trailer region sequences and HN gene lengths exist within serotype AOAV-13, and highlight the need for its constant surveillance in poultry from live animal markets, and especially migratory birds.
topic	<i>avian orthoavulavirus</i> 13 migratory waterfowl HN gene trailer genetic relationships
url	https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/7/646
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spelling	doaj-a1a1060a409e41c789b10ab0b72498562020-11-24T21:54:38ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152019-07-0111764610.3390/v11070646v11070646The Emergence of Avian Orthoavulavirus 13 in Wild Migratory Waterfowl in China Revealed the Existence of Diversified Trailer Region Sequences and HN Gene Lengths within this SerotypeYidong Fei0Xinxin Liu1Jiaqi Mu2Junjiao Li3Xibing Yu4Jin Chang5Yuhai Bi6Tobias Stoeger7Abdul Wajid8Denys Muzyka9Kirill Sharshov10Alexander Shestopalov11Alongkorn Amonsin12Jianjun Chen13Zhuang Ding14Renfu Yin15Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi’an Road 5333, Changchun 130062, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Xi’an Road 5333, Changchun 130062, ChinaDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi’an Road 5333, Changchun 130062, ChinaDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi’an Road 5333, Changchun 130062, ChinaDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi’an Road 5333, Changchun 130062, ChinaDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi’an Road 5333, Changchun 130062, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaComprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD), Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg/Munich, GermanyDepartment of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, 1-Davis Road, Lahore 54000, PakistanNational Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, 61023 Kharkiv, UkraineLaboratory of modeling and monitoring of infectious diseases, Department of experimental models and pathogenesis of infectious diseases, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine (CFTM), Novosibirsk 630117, RussiaLaboratory of modeling and monitoring of infectious diseases, Department of experimental models and pathogenesis of infectious diseases, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine (CFTM), Novosibirsk 630117, RussiaCenter of Excellence for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, ChinaDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi’an Road 5333, Changchun 130062, ChinaDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi’an Road 5333, Changchun 130062, China<i>Avian orthoavulavirus 13</i> (AOAV-13), also named <i>avian paramyxovirus 13</i> (APMV-13), has been found sporadically in wild birds around the world ever since the discovery of AOAV-13 (AOAV-13/wild goose/Shimane/67/2000) in a wild goose from Japan in 2000. However, there are no reports of AOAV-13 in China. In the present study, a novel AOAV-13 virus (AOAV-13/wild goose/China/Hubei/V93-1/2015), isolated from a wild migratory waterfowl in a wetland of Hubei province of China, during active surveillance from 2013 to 2018, was biologically and genetically characterized. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated a very close genetic relationship among all AOAV-13 strains, as revealed by very few genetic variations. Moreover, pathogenicity tests indicated that the V93-1 strain is a low virulent virus for chickens. However, the genome of the V93-1 virus was found to be 16,158 nucleotides (nt) in length, which is 12 nt or 162 nt longer than the other AOAV-13 strains that have been reported to date. The length difference of 12 nt in strain V93-1 is due to the existence of three repeats of the conserved sequence, “AAAAAT”, in the 5′-end trailer of the genome. Moreover, the HN gene of the V93-1 virus is 2070 nt in size, encoding 610 aa, which is the same size as the AOAV-13 strain from Japan, whereas that of two strains from Ukraine and Kazakhstan are 2080 nt in length, encoding 579 aa. We describe a novel AOAV-13 in migratory waterfowl in China, which suggests that diversified trailer region sequences and HN gene lengths exist within serotype AOAV-13, and highlight the need for its constant surveillance in poultry from live animal markets, and especially migratory birds.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/7/646<i>avian orthoavulavirus</i> 13migratory waterfowlHN genetrailergenetic relationships

The Emergence of Avian Orthoavulavirus 13 in Wild Migratory Waterfowl in China Revealed the Existence of Diversified Trailer Region Sequences and HN Gene Lengths within this Serotype

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