Effects of Soundscape on the Environmental Restoration in Urban Natural Environments

Context: According to the attention restoration theory, directed attention is a limited physiological resource and is susceptible to fatigue by overuse. Natural environments are a healthy resource, which allows and promotes the restoration of individuals within it from their state of directed attent...

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Main Authors: Yuan Zhang, Jian Kang, Joe Kang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2017-01-01
Series:Noise and Health
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2017;volume=19;issue=87;spage=65;epage=72;aulast=Zhang
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spelling doaj-a16badf6cfa1469b8cc8497c4b9967912020-11-24T22:52:52ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsNoise and Health1463-17411998-40302017-01-011987657210.4103/nah.NAH_73_16Effects of Soundscape on the Environmental Restoration in Urban Natural EnvironmentsYuan ZhangJian KangJoe KangContext: According to the attention restoration theory, directed attention is a limited physiological resource and is susceptible to fatigue by overuse. Natural environments are a healthy resource, which allows and promotes the restoration of individuals within it from their state of directed attention fatigue. This process is called the environmental restoration on individuals, and it is affected both positively and negatively by environmental factors. Aims: By considering the relationship among the three components of soundscape, that is, people, sound and the environment, this study aims to explore the effects of soundscape on the environmental restoration in urban natural environments. Materials and Methods: A field experiment was conducted with 70 participants (four groups) in an urban natural environment (Shenyang, China). Directed attention was first depleted with a 50-min ‘consumption’ phase, followed by a baseline measurement of attention level. Three groups then engaged in 40 min of restoration in the respective environments with similar visual surroundings but with different sounds present, after which attention levels were re-tested. The fourth group did not undergo restoration and was immediately re-tested. The difference between the two test scores, corrected for the practice effect, represents the attention restoration of individuals exposed to the respective environments. Statistical Analysis Used: An analysis of variance was performed, demonstrating that the differences between the mean values for each group were statistically significant [sig. = 0.027 (<0.050)]. Results: The results showed that the mean values (confidence interval of 95%) of each group are as follows: ‘natural sounds group’ (8.4), ‘traffic sounds group’ (2.4) and ‘machine sounds group’ (−1.8). Conclusion: It can be concluded that (1) urban natural environments, with natural sounds, have a positive effect on the restoration of an individuals’ attention and (2) the presence of different types of sounds has significantly divergent effects on the environmental restoration.http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2017;volume=19;issue=87;spage=65;epage=72;aulast=ZhangAttention level testattention restoration theoryeffect of soundscapeenvironmental restorationfield experiment
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Yuan Zhang
Jian Kang
Joe Kang
spellingShingle Yuan Zhang
Jian Kang
Joe Kang
Effects of Soundscape on the Environmental Restoration in Urban Natural Environments
Noise and Health
Attention level test
attention restoration theory
effect of soundscape
environmental restoration
field experiment
author_facet Yuan Zhang
Jian Kang
Joe Kang
author_sort Yuan Zhang
title Effects of Soundscape on the Environmental Restoration in Urban Natural Environments
title_short Effects of Soundscape on the Environmental Restoration in Urban Natural Environments
title_full Effects of Soundscape on the Environmental Restoration in Urban Natural Environments
title_fullStr Effects of Soundscape on the Environmental Restoration in Urban Natural Environments
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Soundscape on the Environmental Restoration in Urban Natural Environments
title_sort effects of soundscape on the environmental restoration in urban natural environments
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
series Noise and Health
issn 1463-1741
1998-4030
publishDate 2017-01-01
description Context: According to the attention restoration theory, directed attention is a limited physiological resource and is susceptible to fatigue by overuse. Natural environments are a healthy resource, which allows and promotes the restoration of individuals within it from their state of directed attention fatigue. This process is called the environmental restoration on individuals, and it is affected both positively and negatively by environmental factors. Aims: By considering the relationship among the three components of soundscape, that is, people, sound and the environment, this study aims to explore the effects of soundscape on the environmental restoration in urban natural environments. Materials and Methods: A field experiment was conducted with 70 participants (four groups) in an urban natural environment (Shenyang, China). Directed attention was first depleted with a 50-min ‘consumption’ phase, followed by a baseline measurement of attention level. Three groups then engaged in 40 min of restoration in the respective environments with similar visual surroundings but with different sounds present, after which attention levels were re-tested. The fourth group did not undergo restoration and was immediately re-tested. The difference between the two test scores, corrected for the practice effect, represents the attention restoration of individuals exposed to the respective environments. Statistical Analysis Used: An analysis of variance was performed, demonstrating that the differences between the mean values for each group were statistically significant [sig. = 0.027 (<0.050)]. Results: The results showed that the mean values (confidence interval of 95%) of each group are as follows: ‘natural sounds group’ (8.4), ‘traffic sounds group’ (2.4) and ‘machine sounds group’ (−1.8). Conclusion: It can be concluded that (1) urban natural environments, with natural sounds, have a positive effect on the restoration of an individuals’ attention and (2) the presence of different types of sounds has significantly divergent effects on the environmental restoration.
topic Attention level test
attention restoration theory
effect of soundscape
environmental restoration
field experiment
url http://www.noiseandhealth.org/article.asp?issn=1463-1741;year=2017;volume=19;issue=87;spage=65;epage=72;aulast=Zhang
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AT jiankang effectsofsoundscapeontheenvironmentalrestorationinurbannaturalenvironments
AT joekang effectsofsoundscapeontheenvironmentalrestorationinurbannaturalenvironments
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