| Summary: | Once considered separate and discrete knowledge components, current theoretical and methodological perspectives now view second language (L2) proficiency as a dynamic, cognitive process comprised of several interacting knowledge components and abilities. Theoretical definitions tend to attribute L2 proficiency to two main components. First, the general consensus among L2 assessment researchers is that L2 users leverage their knowledge of the formal and organizational structures of language (i.e., syntax, lexis, and phonology) to comprehend and formulate cohesive discourse. However, pragmatic knowledge, which is responsible for shaping the manner in which these formal structures are comprehended and produced in relation to the context in which they occur, has been more difficult to define and operationalize. This discussion will examine evolving research in the assessment of L2 pragmatic knowledge and indicate gaps between contemporary theoretical definitions, operationalization, and measurement methods.
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