THE NATURE OF A SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE TO MEASLES INFECTION OF VARYING SEVERITY

• Main Authors: Veklych K. A., Popov M. M., Liadova T. I., Sorokina O. G.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy 2020-12-01
• Series: Вісник проблем біології і медицини
• Subjects: measles; immunological reactivity; immunoglobulins; avidity; interferon.
• Online Access: https://vpbm.com.ua/upload/2020-4(158)/22-min.pdf

Since the beginning of the measles outbreak in Ukraine 4521 people with measles have been identified in Kharkiv and the Kharkiv region. Taking into account the peculiarities of the course of the disease and anamnestic data, it was interesting to determine the indicators of the immune response against which the disease developed. Objective: to determine the nature of immunological reactions in measles infection of varying severity. Object and methods. The study included 65 patients with a diagnosis of measles who were treated at the Kharkiv region infectious hospital 2017 to 2019. Patients were divided into 4 groups depending on the severity of the disease and the presence of complications. The control group consisted of 20 healthy voluntary donors. All patients included in the study were assessed for virus-specific Ig M, G, and A levels, IgG avidity, and INF α and γ levels. The indicators were determined by the ELISA method using test systems «XEMA» (Ukraine), «The Native Antigen Company» (USA) and «Vector-best» (Russian Federation) in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out using the program Statistica 6.0. Results and discussion. All patients on the day of hospitalization had low levels of specific AB, increased levels of specific IgM, and increased levels of INF α and γ in patients of groups 1-3, but not in patients of group 4. Determination of indexes in dynamics showed a decrease in IgM levels, increase in levels of IgA and G and their avidity, as well as in levels of INF α and γ in all groups. Conclusions. The development of measles in adults is facilitated by low levels of specific Ig, their low avidity, as well as a decrease in the overall immunological reactivity of the body. Low dynamics of increase in INF and virusspecific Ig levels causes the development of complications and affects the severity of both the disease and its complications. A prerequisite for a mild course of the disease is a significant and early increase in the levels of INF and virus-specific Ig.