Development of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting flunixin and 5-hydroxyflunixin residues in bovine muscle and milk

• Main Authors: Xiaona Chen, Shimin Peng, Chen Liu, Xin Zou, Yuebin Ke, Wenxiao Jiang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2019-01-01
• Series: Food and Agricultural Immunology
• Subjects: flunixin; 5-hydroxyflunixin; immunoassay; bovine muscle; milk
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2019.1577365

The flunixin residues in foods of animal origin could pose hazards for human health. In this paper, a broad-selectivity polyclonal antibody was obtained using 5-hydroxyflunixin coupled with bovine serum albumin as the immunogen. The semi-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the polyclonal antibody was 1.43 ng/mL for flunixin and 0.29 ng/mL for 5-hydroxyflunixin, respectively, which were far below the maximum residue limits set by the United States, the European Union and China. The limits of detection were calculated to be 2.98 μg/kg for flunixin in bovine muscle and 0.78 μg/L for 5-hydroxyflunixin in milk. In spike and recovery tests, the average recovery ranged from 83% to 105%, with a satisfying coefficient of variance ranging from 5.8% to 11.3%. Furthermore, the ELISA method was validated by a well-established LC-MS/MS method. These results proved that the established method is suitable for flunixin and 5-hydroxyflunixin residue analysis.