Original Hosts, Clinical Features, Transmission Routes, and Vaccine Development for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to public concern worldwide. Although a variety of hypotheses about the hosts of SARS-CoV-2 have been proposed, an exact conclusion has not yet been reached....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.702066/full |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
| language |
English |
| format |
Article |
| sources |
DOAJ |
| author |
Ting Wu Ting Wu Ting Wu Shuntong Kang Shuntong Kang Shuntong Kang Wenyao Peng Wenyao Peng Chenzhe Zuo Chenzhe Zuo Yuhao Zhu Yuhao Zhu Liangyu Pan Keyun Fu Keyun Fu Yaxian You Xinyuan Yang Xinyuan Yang Xuan Luo Xuan Luo Liping Jiang Meichun Deng Meichun Deng Meichun Deng |
| spellingShingle |
Ting Wu Ting Wu Ting Wu Shuntong Kang Shuntong Kang Shuntong Kang Wenyao Peng Wenyao Peng Chenzhe Zuo Chenzhe Zuo Yuhao Zhu Yuhao Zhu Liangyu Pan Keyun Fu Keyun Fu Yaxian You Xinyuan Yang Xinyuan Yang Xuan Luo Xuan Luo Liping Jiang Meichun Deng Meichun Deng Meichun Deng Original Hosts, Clinical Features, Transmission Routes, and Vaccine Development for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Frontiers in Medicine SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 original host transmission modes vaccine development |
| author_facet |
Ting Wu Ting Wu Ting Wu Shuntong Kang Shuntong Kang Shuntong Kang Wenyao Peng Wenyao Peng Chenzhe Zuo Chenzhe Zuo Yuhao Zhu Yuhao Zhu Liangyu Pan Keyun Fu Keyun Fu Yaxian You Xinyuan Yang Xinyuan Yang Xuan Luo Xuan Luo Liping Jiang Meichun Deng Meichun Deng Meichun Deng |
| author_sort |
Ting Wu |
| title |
Original Hosts, Clinical Features, Transmission Routes, and Vaccine Development for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) |
| title_short |
Original Hosts, Clinical Features, Transmission Routes, and Vaccine Development for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) |
| title_full |
Original Hosts, Clinical Features, Transmission Routes, and Vaccine Development for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) |
| title_fullStr |
Original Hosts, Clinical Features, Transmission Routes, and Vaccine Development for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Original Hosts, Clinical Features, Transmission Routes, and Vaccine Development for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) |
| title_sort |
original hosts, clinical features, transmission routes, and vaccine development for coronavirus disease (covid-19) |
| publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
| series |
Frontiers in Medicine |
| issn |
2296-858X |
| publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
| description |
The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to public concern worldwide. Although a variety of hypotheses about the hosts of SARS-CoV-2 have been proposed, an exact conclusion has not yet been reached. Initial clinical manifestations associated with COVID-19 are similar to those of other acute respiratory infections, leading to misdiagnoses and resulting in the outbreak at the early stage. SARS-CoV-2 is predominantly spread by droplet transmission and close contact; the possibilities of fecal–oral, vertical, and aerosol transmission have not yet been fully confirmed or rejected. Besides, COVID-19 cases have been reported within communities, households, and nosocomial settings through contact with confirmed COVID-19 patients or asymptomatic individuals. Environmental contamination is also a major driver for the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the absence of specific treatment for COVID-19, it is urgent to decrease the risk of transmission and take preventive measures to control the spread of the virus. In this review, we summarize the latest available data on the potential hosts, entry receptors, clinical features, and risk factors of COVID-19 and transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2, and we present the data about development of vaccines. |
| topic |
SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 original host transmission modes vaccine development |
| url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.702066/full |
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doaj-9ec6224ed1604c16925eee6c478cb0482021-07-06T04:42:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2021-07-01810.3389/fmed.2021.702066702066Original Hosts, Clinical Features, Transmission Routes, and Vaccine Development for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)Ting Wu0Ting Wu1Ting Wu2Shuntong Kang3Shuntong Kang4Shuntong Kang5Wenyao Peng6Wenyao Peng7Chenzhe Zuo8Chenzhe Zuo9Yuhao Zhu10Yuhao Zhu11Liangyu Pan12Keyun Fu13Keyun Fu14Yaxian You15Xinyuan Yang16Xinyuan Yang17Xuan Luo18Xuan Luo19Liping Jiang20Meichun Deng21Meichun Deng22Meichun Deng23Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaHunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaHunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaXiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaXiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaXiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaXiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaXiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaXiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaHunan Yuanpin Cell Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Changsha, ChinaXiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaHunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaXiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaThe pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to public concern worldwide. Although a variety of hypotheses about the hosts of SARS-CoV-2 have been proposed, an exact conclusion has not yet been reached. Initial clinical manifestations associated with COVID-19 are similar to those of other acute respiratory infections, leading to misdiagnoses and resulting in the outbreak at the early stage. SARS-CoV-2 is predominantly spread by droplet transmission and close contact; the possibilities of fecal–oral, vertical, and aerosol transmission have not yet been fully confirmed or rejected. Besides, COVID-19 cases have been reported within communities, households, and nosocomial settings through contact with confirmed COVID-19 patients or asymptomatic individuals. Environmental contamination is also a major driver for the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the absence of specific treatment for COVID-19, it is urgent to decrease the risk of transmission and take preventive measures to control the spread of the virus. In this review, we summarize the latest available data on the potential hosts, entry receptors, clinical features, and risk factors of COVID-19 and transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2, and we present the data about development of vaccines.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.702066/fullSARS-CoV-2COVID-19original hosttransmission modesvaccine development |