Comparison of component positioning in robot-assisted and conventional total hip arthroplasty

• Main Authors: Yusuf Onur Kızılay, Murat Kezer
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Journal of Surgery and Medicine 2020-04-01
• Series: Journal of Surgery and Medicine
• Subjects: total hip arthroplasty; robotic-assisted; component positioning; total kalça artroplastisi; robot-yardımlı; komponent pozisyonu
• Online Access: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/josam/issue/53710/656702

Aim: For primary total hip arthroplasty, many authors reported that inappropriate component positioning may lead to unfavorable results and complications. In the last two decades, robotic systems were developed to improve component positioning in total hip arthroplasty. However, there are few reports in the literature concerning its efficacy. In this study, we aimed to compare the accuracy of component positioning between robot-assisted and conventional total hip arthroplasty. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, forty-four patients were operated using robot-assisted surgery (RAS), and 60 patients were operated using primary conventional manual arthroplasty (CMA). Measurements were done in standing orthogonal antero-posterior x-ray (AP) views to evaluate acetabular inclination, anteversion, and leg length discrepancy. Results were compared between RAS and CMA groups.Results: The average deviation from desired acetabular inclination was 8o in the CMA group, 4.7o in the RAS group, between which the difference was statistically significant (P=0.023). Concerning acetabular inclination, 72% of the patients in the CMA group remained in the safe zone described by Lewinnek while 94% of the patients in the RAS group remained in the same safe zone. The mean deviation from desired anteversion was 6.7o in the CMA group and 5.6o in the RAS group. The difference between two groups was not significant (P=0.209). The two groups were similar in terms of leg length discrepancy (P=0.238).Conclusion: We achieved more consistent acetabular component positioning with robot-assisted total hip arthroplasty compared with conventional total hip arthroplasty. Thus, more patients remained within Lewinnek’s safe zone in the robot-assisted surgery group.