| Summary: | The article deals with cultural and mental peculiarities of innovation processes’ development in Ukraine in the context of Industry 4.0. There has been presented a comparative rating of some world countries according to NRI, ICT, GOI, IDI, GII indices and the position of Ukraine over the past decade has been stated. The main results of innovation activity in Ukraine that lie in low innovative activity have been characterized. The factors that hinder innovation activity are insufficient level of educational training, low activity in offering innovative ideas, no incentive to create something new etc. In addition, a significant negative impact on innovation activity is exerted by cultural and mental factors of the population, a considerable part of which does not have entrepreneurial skills. There have been substantiated some socio-cultural and mental characteristics of Ukrainians that determine their innovative activity, namely reduce the competitiveness of the country's human capital both at the personal and national levels. The solution of the problem has been proposed which implies cooperation between three main components of the innovative economy – "science – education – production" as a common system.
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