Prevalence and social determinants of malnutrition in children under 5 years affiliated to the SISBEN of the urban area of the municipality of Palermo in Colombia, 2017

• Main Authors: Nathaly Barrera-Dussán, Eder Pablo Fierro-Parra, Leidy Yohana Puentes-Fierro, Jorge Andres Ramos-Castañeda
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• Published: Universidad de Nariño 2018-08-01
• Series: Universidad y Salud
• Subjects: malnutrition; overweight; obesity; caregivers; social determinants of health
• Online Access: http://revistas.udenar.edu.co/index.php/usalud/article/view/3713

Introduction: Malnutrition includes undernourishment, overweight and obesity generated by food imbalance and the presence of social determinants of health (SDH) that mainly affects the child population. Objective: To identify the prevalence of malnutrition and its association with SDH in children under 5 years belonging to Sistema de Beneficiarios para Programas Sociales (SISBEN) program from the urban area of the municipality of Palermo. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study with an analytical approach was conducted. The sample was 254 children under 5 belonging to the SISBEN and residents of the urban area of the municipality of Palermo. Socioeconomic information was collected by a survey and nutritional classification by anthropometric valuation. Results: 6.7% showed malnutrition by deficit and 9.8% by excess. Association between chronic malnutrition with overcrowding (P = 0.03; RP = 1.9 IC: 95% 1.138 – 3.173) and low economic income was found (p = 0.004; RP = 1.96 IC: 95% 1.22 – 3.15); as well as between acute malnutrition and inadequate disposal of waste (P = 0.03; RP = 6 IC: 95% 4.2 – 8.7);and between global malnutrition with low economic income (P = 0.02; RP = 2.2 IC: 95% 1.11 – 4.35) and inadequate housing (p = 0.03; RP = 2.08 IC: 95% 1.06 – 4.06). Conclusions: The two extremes of malnutrition coexist: by excess and by defect. The latter is related to overcrowding, low family income and inadequate disposal of rubbish.