Effects of Restraint Stress and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition on Learning and Strategy Preference in Young Adult Male Rats

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of restraint stress and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition by NωNitro-L-Arginine (LNA) on learning and strategy preference. Material and Methods: Rats were randomly divided into four groups (Saline, Saline+Stress, LNA, LNA+Stress)....

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Main Authors: Lütfiye Kanıt, Yusuf Hakan Doğan, Melih Dağdeviren
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Galenos Publishing House 2012-12-01
Series:Balkan Medical Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.balkanmedicaljournal.org/text.php3?id=905
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spelling doaj-998b09228bcd4757b4d001d9ee50c7c22020-11-25T01:10:16ZengGalenos Publishing HouseBalkan Medical Journal2146-31232146-31312012-12-01294376380Effects of Restraint Stress and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition on Learning and Strategy Preference in Young Adult Male RatsLütfiye KanıtYusuf Hakan DoğanMelih DağdevirenObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of restraint stress and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition by NωNitro-L-Arginine (LNA) on learning and strategy preference. Material and Methods: Rats were randomly divided into four groups (Saline, Saline+Stress, LNA, LNA+Stress). Stress was applied for one hour in glass cylinders during 13 days. One hour after this stress application, water maze experiments were started. Injections (saline 1 ml/kg or 50 mg/kg LNA) were given 10 minutes before each experiment. The platform was kept visible or hidden (on the 4th, 8th, 12th days) at the same position. On the 13th day the platform was located on the opposite quadrant. Results: Saline groups exhibited significantly better performances (F(1.31)=174.038 p<0.05) at the beginning compared to the NOS inhibited groups. For initial hidden platform days; stress was determined as an impairment factor (F(1.31)=5.190 p=0.012). At the end, acquisition occurred on both visible and hidden platform days for all groups. There was no significant strategy preference difference between the groups.Development of the stress and NOS inhibition impairments were seen, particularly at different periods of the acquisition. Conclusion: NOS inhibition did not worsen restraint stress-induced learning impairments in rats. Lack of effect may be explained by the antidepressive consequences of NOS inhibition.http://www.balkanmedicaljournal.org/text.php3?id=905LearningNOS inhibitionrestraint stressstrategy preferencewater maze
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Lütfiye Kanıt
Yusuf Hakan Doğan
Melih Dağdeviren
spellingShingle Lütfiye Kanıt
Yusuf Hakan Doğan
Melih Dağdeviren
Effects of Restraint Stress and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition on Learning and Strategy Preference in Young Adult Male Rats
Balkan Medical Journal
Learning
NOS inhibition
restraint stress
strategy preference
water maze
author_facet Lütfiye Kanıt
Yusuf Hakan Doğan
Melih Dağdeviren
author_sort Lütfiye Kanıt
title Effects of Restraint Stress and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition on Learning and Strategy Preference in Young Adult Male Rats
title_short Effects of Restraint Stress and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition on Learning and Strategy Preference in Young Adult Male Rats
title_full Effects of Restraint Stress and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition on Learning and Strategy Preference in Young Adult Male Rats
title_fullStr Effects of Restraint Stress and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition on Learning and Strategy Preference in Young Adult Male Rats
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Restraint Stress and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition on Learning and Strategy Preference in Young Adult Male Rats
title_sort effects of restraint stress and nitric oxide synthase inhibition on learning and strategy preference in young adult male rats
publisher Galenos Publishing House
series Balkan Medical Journal
issn 2146-3123
2146-3131
publishDate 2012-12-01
description Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of restraint stress and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition by NωNitro-L-Arginine (LNA) on learning and strategy preference. Material and Methods: Rats were randomly divided into four groups (Saline, Saline+Stress, LNA, LNA+Stress). Stress was applied for one hour in glass cylinders during 13 days. One hour after this stress application, water maze experiments were started. Injections (saline 1 ml/kg or 50 mg/kg LNA) were given 10 minutes before each experiment. The platform was kept visible or hidden (on the 4th, 8th, 12th days) at the same position. On the 13th day the platform was located on the opposite quadrant. Results: Saline groups exhibited significantly better performances (F(1.31)=174.038 p<0.05) at the beginning compared to the NOS inhibited groups. For initial hidden platform days; stress was determined as an impairment factor (F(1.31)=5.190 p=0.012). At the end, acquisition occurred on both visible and hidden platform days for all groups. There was no significant strategy preference difference between the groups.Development of the stress and NOS inhibition impairments were seen, particularly at different periods of the acquisition. Conclusion: NOS inhibition did not worsen restraint stress-induced learning impairments in rats. Lack of effect may be explained by the antidepressive consequences of NOS inhibition.
topic Learning
NOS inhibition
restraint stress
strategy preference
water maze
url http://www.balkanmedicaljournal.org/text.php3?id=905
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