Effect of cadmium on anion exchange capability through Band 3 protein in human erythrocytes

• Main Authors: Rossana Morabito, Alessia Remigante, Benedetta Arcuri, Angela Marino, Marco Giammanco, Giuseppina La Spada
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: PAGEPress Publications 2018-05-01
• Series: Journal of Biological Research
• Subjects: Cadmium; Oxidative stress; SO4= uptake; Band 3 protein; Erythrocyte.
• Online Access: https://www.pagepressjournals.org/index.php/jbr/article/view/7203

The efficiency of Band 3 protein, mediating HCO3-/Cl- exchange across erythrocytes membrane, is reduced by oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to verify whether Band 3 protein efficiency is compromised by treatment with Cadmium (Cd2+), an extremely toxic heavy metal known to interfere with antioxidant enzymes, energy metabolism, gene expression and cell membranes. To this end, the rate constant for SO4= uptake through Band 3 protein (accounting for velocity of anion exchange) was measured along with membrane –SH groups, Malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and Band 3 protein expression levels in Cd2+ -treated human erythrocytes (300 µM, 1 mM). Our results show that Cd2+ reduced the rate constant for SO4= uptake, with a significant increase in MDA levels at both concentrations and with a reduction in –SH groups observed after 1 mM Cd2+ treatment, whereas Band 3 protein expression levels were unchanged in both conditions. In conclusion: i) Cd2+ reduces Band 3 protein efficiency via different mechanisms depending on metal concentration and with unchanged expression levels; ii) the assessment of Band 3 protein anion exchange capability is a good tool to assay the impact of heavy metals on cell homeostasis and, possibly, useful for diagnosis and monitoring of devalopment of Cd2+ toxicity-related pathologies.