Profitability analysis of dual installations in selected European countries

• Main Authors: Paweł Suchorab, Małgorzata Iwanek, Agnieszka Żelazna
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: SpringerOpen 2021-01-01
• Series: Applied Water Science
• Subjects: Dual installations; Multi-criteria decision analysis; Greywater reuse; LCA; Water recycling
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01366-9

Abstract The most important goal of every water distribution system is to deliver water to the consumers in the demand and time determined by its users. However, not all water usages require the potable water quality. One of the technical solutions enabling water recycling and its reuse is a dual installation system. Dual installations recycle rain wastewater or grey water from bathtubs, showers and sinks and further reuse it for irrigation or toilet flushing. The profitability of a dual installation system is highly dependent on the water price, which tends to vary significantly according to the location. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the profitability of dual installation systems in exemplary hotel building hypothetically located in 10 different European countries. The profitability was determined on the basis of multi-criteria decision analysis performed for two installation variants. The investment was evaluated in terms of technical, economic and environmental aspects. As a result, the selected countries were ranked in order of the most profitable location for dual installation system’s investment.