The Functions of Hepatitis B Virus Encoding Proteins: Viral Persistence and Liver Pathogenesis

The Functions of Hepatitis B Virus Encoding Proteins: Viral Persistence and Liver Pathogenesis

About 250 million people worldwide are chronically infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV), contributing to a large burden on public health. Despite the existence of vaccines and antiviral drugs to prevent infection and suppress viral replication respectively, chronic hepatitis B (CHB) cure remains a...

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Main Authors: Fenglin Zhao, Xiaoyu Xie, Xu Tan, Hongli Yu, Miaomiao Tian, Huanran Lv, Chengyong Qin, Jianni Qi, Qiang Zhu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
hepatitis B virus (HBV)
immune response
viral escape
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
encoding proteins
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.691766/full
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author Fenglin Zhao
Fenglin Zhao
Xiaoyu Xie
Xiaoyu Xie
Xiaoyu Xie
Xu Tan
Xu Tan
Hongli Yu
Hongli Yu
Miaomiao Tian
Miaomiao Tian
Huanran Lv
Huanran Lv
Chengyong Qin
Chengyong Qin
Chengyong Qin
Jianni Qi
Jianni Qi
Jianni Qi
Qiang Zhu
Qiang Zhu
Qiang Zhu
Qiang Zhu
spellingShingle Fenglin Zhao
Fenglin Zhao
Xiaoyu Xie
Xiaoyu Xie
Xiaoyu Xie
Xu Tan
Xu Tan
Hongli Yu
Hongli Yu
Miaomiao Tian
Miaomiao Tian
Huanran Lv
Huanran Lv
Chengyong Qin
Chengyong Qin
Chengyong Qin
Jianni Qi
Jianni Qi
Jianni Qi
Qiang Zhu
Qiang Zhu
Qiang Zhu
Qiang Zhu
The Functions of Hepatitis B Virus Encoding Proteins: Viral Persistence and Liver Pathogenesis
Frontiers in Immunology
hepatitis B virus (HBV)
immune response
viral escape
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
encoding proteins
author_facet Fenglin Zhao
Fenglin Zhao
Xiaoyu Xie
Xiaoyu Xie
Xiaoyu Xie
Xu Tan
Xu Tan
Hongli Yu
Hongli Yu
Miaomiao Tian
Miaomiao Tian
Huanran Lv
Huanran Lv
Chengyong Qin
Chengyong Qin
Chengyong Qin
Jianni Qi
Jianni Qi
Jianni Qi
Qiang Zhu
Qiang Zhu
Qiang Zhu
Qiang Zhu
author_sort Fenglin Zhao
title The Functions of Hepatitis B Virus Encoding Proteins: Viral Persistence and Liver Pathogenesis
title_short The Functions of Hepatitis B Virus Encoding Proteins: Viral Persistence and Liver Pathogenesis
title_full The Functions of Hepatitis B Virus Encoding Proteins: Viral Persistence and Liver Pathogenesis
title_fullStr The Functions of Hepatitis B Virus Encoding Proteins: Viral Persistence and Liver Pathogenesis
title_full_unstemmed The Functions of Hepatitis B Virus Encoding Proteins: Viral Persistence and Liver Pathogenesis
title_sort functions of hepatitis b virus encoding proteins: viral persistence and liver pathogenesis
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
series Frontiers in Immunology
issn 1664-3224
publishDate 2021-08-01
description About 250 million people worldwide are chronically infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV), contributing to a large burden on public health. Despite the existence of vaccines and antiviral drugs to prevent infection and suppress viral replication respectively, chronic hepatitis B (CHB) cure remains a remote treatment goal. The viral persistence caused by HBV is account for the chronic infection which increases the risk for developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV virion utilizes various strategies to escape surveillance of host immune system therefore enhancing its replication, while the precise mechanisms involved remain elusive. Accumulating evidence suggests that the proteins encoded by HBV (hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B core antigen, hepatitis B envelope antigen, HBx and polymerase) play an important role in viral persistence and liver pathogenesis. This review summarizes the major findings in functions of HBV encoding proteins, illustrating how these proteins affect hepatocytes and the immune system, which may open new venues for CHB therapies.
topic hepatitis B virus (HBV)
immune response
viral escape
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
encoding proteins
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.691766/full
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spelling doaj-97729dbf1d474b4eaa8b38f9ea1a7c042021-08-12T04:56:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242021-08-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.691766691766The Functions of Hepatitis B Virus Encoding Proteins: Viral Persistence and Liver PathogenesisFenglin Zhao0Fenglin Zhao1Xiaoyu Xie2Xiaoyu Xie3Xiaoyu Xie4Xu Tan5Xu Tan6Hongli Yu7Hongli Yu8Miaomiao Tian9Miaomiao Tian10Huanran Lv11Huanran Lv12Chengyong Qin13Chengyong Qin14Chengyong Qin15Jianni Qi16Jianni Qi17Jianni Qi18Qiang Zhu19Qiang Zhu20Qiang Zhu21Qiang Zhu22Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Liver Diseases Prevention and Control, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Liver Diseases Prevention and Control, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Liver Diseases Prevention and Control, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Liver Diseases Prevention and Control, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Liver Diseases Prevention and Control, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Liver Diseases Prevention and Control, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Liver Diseases Prevention and Control, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Liver Diseases Prevention and Control, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, ChinaAbout 250 million people worldwide are chronically infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV), contributing to a large burden on public health. Despite the existence of vaccines and antiviral drugs to prevent infection and suppress viral replication respectively, chronic hepatitis B (CHB) cure remains a remote treatment goal. The viral persistence caused by HBV is account for the chronic infection which increases the risk for developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV virion utilizes various strategies to escape surveillance of host immune system therefore enhancing its replication, while the precise mechanisms involved remain elusive. Accumulating evidence suggests that the proteins encoded by HBV (hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B core antigen, hepatitis B envelope antigen, HBx and polymerase) play an important role in viral persistence and liver pathogenesis. This review summarizes the major findings in functions of HBV encoding proteins, illustrating how these proteins affect hepatocytes and the immune system, which may open new venues for CHB therapies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.691766/fullhepatitis B virus (HBV)immune responseviral escapehepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)encoding proteins

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