Mediterranean Diet and Cardiodiabesity: A Systematic Review through Evidence-Based Answers to Key Clinical Questions

The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) has been promoted as a means of preventing and treating cardiodiabesity. The aim of this study was to answer a number of key clinical questions (CQs) about the role of the MedDiet in cardiodiabesity in order to provide a framework for the development of clinical prac...

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Main Authors: Marcella Franquesa, Georgina Pujol-Busquets, Elena García-Fernández, Laura Rico, Laia Shamirian-Pulido, Alicia Aguilar-Martínez, Francesc Xavier Medina, Lluís Serra-Majem, Anna Bach-Faig
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-03-01
Series:Nutrients
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/3/655
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spelling doaj-9759cdf6a97b437aaa9f93949718b9ff2020-11-25T00:36:59ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432019-03-0111365510.3390/nu11030655nu11030655Mediterranean Diet and Cardiodiabesity: A Systematic Review through Evidence-Based Answers to Key Clinical QuestionsMarcella Franquesa0Georgina Pujol-Busquets1Elena García-Fernández2Laura Rico3Laia Shamirian-Pulido4Alicia Aguilar-Martínez5Francesc Xavier Medina6Lluís Serra-Majem7Anna Bach-Faig8Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), 08018 Barcelona, SpainFaculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), 08018 Barcelona, SpainFaculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), 08018 Barcelona, SpainFaculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), 08018 Barcelona, SpainFaculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), 08018 Barcelona, SpainFoodLab Research Group (2017SGR 83), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), 08018 Barcelona, SpainFoodLab Research Group (2017SGR 83), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), 08018 Barcelona, SpainCIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainFoodLab Research Group (2017SGR 83), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), 08018 Barcelona, SpainThe Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) has been promoted as a means of preventing and treating cardiodiabesity. The aim of this study was to answer a number of key clinical questions (CQs) about the role of the MedDiet in cardiodiabesity in order to provide a framework for the development of clinical practice guidelines. A systematic review was conducted to answer five CQs formulated using the Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) criteria. Twenty articles published between September 2013 and July 2016 were included, adding to the 37 articles from the previous review. There is a high level of evidence showing that MedDiet adherence plays a role in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and improves health in overweight and obese patients. There is moderate-to-high evidence that the MedDiet prevents increases in weight and waist circumference in non-obese individuals, and improves metabolic syndrome (MetS) and reduces its incidence. Finally, there is moderate evidence that the MedDiet plays primary and secondary roles in the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The MedDiet is effective in preventing obesity and MetS in healthy and at-risk individuals, in reducing mortality risk in overweight or obese individuals, in decreasing the incidence of T2DM and CVD in healthy individuals, and in reducing symptom severity in individuals with T2DM or CVD.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/3/655Mediterranean Dietdiabetes mellituscardiovascular diseasemetabolic syndromeobesitycardiodiabesityreviewPICO
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Marcella Franquesa
Georgina Pujol-Busquets
Elena García-Fernández
Laura Rico
Laia Shamirian-Pulido
Alicia Aguilar-Martínez
Francesc Xavier Medina
Lluís Serra-Majem
Anna Bach-Faig
spellingShingle Marcella Franquesa
Georgina Pujol-Busquets
Elena García-Fernández
Laura Rico
Laia Shamirian-Pulido
Alicia Aguilar-Martínez
Francesc Xavier Medina
Lluís Serra-Majem
Anna Bach-Faig
Mediterranean Diet and Cardiodiabesity: A Systematic Review through Evidence-Based Answers to Key Clinical Questions
Nutrients
Mediterranean Diet
diabetes mellitus
cardiovascular disease
metabolic syndrome
obesity
cardiodiabesity
review
PICO
author_facet Marcella Franquesa
Georgina Pujol-Busquets
Elena García-Fernández
Laura Rico
Laia Shamirian-Pulido
Alicia Aguilar-Martínez
Francesc Xavier Medina
Lluís Serra-Majem
Anna Bach-Faig
author_sort Marcella Franquesa
title Mediterranean Diet and Cardiodiabesity: A Systematic Review through Evidence-Based Answers to Key Clinical Questions
title_short Mediterranean Diet and Cardiodiabesity: A Systematic Review through Evidence-Based Answers to Key Clinical Questions
title_full Mediterranean Diet and Cardiodiabesity: A Systematic Review through Evidence-Based Answers to Key Clinical Questions
title_fullStr Mediterranean Diet and Cardiodiabesity: A Systematic Review through Evidence-Based Answers to Key Clinical Questions
title_full_unstemmed Mediterranean Diet and Cardiodiabesity: A Systematic Review through Evidence-Based Answers to Key Clinical Questions
title_sort mediterranean diet and cardiodiabesity: a systematic review through evidence-based answers to key clinical questions
publisher MDPI AG
series Nutrients
issn 2072-6643
publishDate 2019-03-01
description The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) has been promoted as a means of preventing and treating cardiodiabesity. The aim of this study was to answer a number of key clinical questions (CQs) about the role of the MedDiet in cardiodiabesity in order to provide a framework for the development of clinical practice guidelines. A systematic review was conducted to answer five CQs formulated using the Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) criteria. Twenty articles published between September 2013 and July 2016 were included, adding to the 37 articles from the previous review. There is a high level of evidence showing that MedDiet adherence plays a role in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and improves health in overweight and obese patients. There is moderate-to-high evidence that the MedDiet prevents increases in weight and waist circumference in non-obese individuals, and improves metabolic syndrome (MetS) and reduces its incidence. Finally, there is moderate evidence that the MedDiet plays primary and secondary roles in the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The MedDiet is effective in preventing obesity and MetS in healthy and at-risk individuals, in reducing mortality risk in overweight or obese individuals, in decreasing the incidence of T2DM and CVD in healthy individuals, and in reducing symptom severity in individuals with T2DM or CVD.
topic Mediterranean Diet
diabetes mellitus
cardiovascular disease
metabolic syndrome
obesity
cardiodiabesity
review
PICO
url http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/3/655
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