Thermal analysis of blood flow of Newtonian, pseudo-plastic, and dilatant fluids through an inclined wavy channel due to metachronal wave of cilia

• Main Authors: Abdou Al-Zubaidi, Mubbashar Nazeer, Khadija Khalid, Sidra Yaseen, Salman Saleem, Farooq Hussain
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: SAGE Publishing 2021-09-01
• Series: Advances in Mechanical Engineering
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1177/16878140211049060

This paper is organized to study the heat and mass transfer analyses by considering the motion of cilia for Newtonian, Pseudo-plastic, and Dilatant fluids through a horizontally inclined channel in the presence of metachronal waves and variable liquid properties. A non-Newtonian Rabinowitsch model is used to study the flow of peristalsis through ciliated walls. The slip and convective boundary conditions at the channel walls are taken into account. The mathematical model is developed in the form of complex nonlinear partial differential equations then transformed into simplified form by using the definition of low-Reynolds number with lubrication theory. The analytical solution is obtained by using the perturbation method due to its low computational cost and good accuracy. The graphical outcome is based on the behavior of certain physical parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles for all three types of fluid. A symbolic software named MATHEMATICA 12.0 is used to find the analytical expression and construct the graphical behavior of all profiles that are taken under discussion. The important results in this study depict that the velocity profile tends to increase in the central region of the channel for Newtonian and Pseudo-plastic fluids and decreases for Dilatant fluid while a reverse behavior is observed near the channel walls. A smaller wavelength causes the wavenumber to accelerate and it tends to decelerate for a larger wavelength. The current study will help to understand the use of the complex rheological behavior of biological fluids in engineering and medical science.