An Enhanced Innovative Triangular Trend Analysis of Rainfall Based on a Spectral Approach

• Main Authors: Bilel Zerouali, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Mohamed Chettih, Mesbah Mohamed, Zaki Abda, Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos, Bilal Zerouali, Ahmed Elbeltagi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-03-01
• Series: Water
• Subjects: innovative triangular trend analysis; discrete wavelet transform; hybrid method; rainfall; Algeria
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/5/727

The world is currently witnessing high rainfall variability at the spatiotemporal level. In this paper, data from three representative rain gauges in northern Algeria, from 1920 to 2011, at an annual scale, were used to assess a relatively new hybrid method, which combines the innovative triangular trend analysis (ITTA) with the orthogonal discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for partial trend identification. The analysis revealed that the period from 1950 to 1975 transported the wettest periods, followed by a long-term dry period beginning in 1973. The analysis also revealed a rainfall increase during the latter decade. The combined method (ITTA–DWT) showed a good efficiency for extreme rainfall event detection. In addition, the analysis indicated the inter- to multiannual phenomena that explained the short to medium processes that dominated the high rainfall variability, masking the partial trend components existing in the rainfall time series and making the identification of such trends a challenging task. The results indicate that the approaches—combining ITTA and selected input combination models resulting from the DWT—are auspicious compared to those found using the original rainfall observations. This analysis revealed that the ITTA–DWT method outperformed the ITTA method for partial trend identification, which proved DWT’s efficiency as a coupling method.