Identification of Highly Variable Supernumerary Chromosome Segments in an Asexual Pathogen.

Supernumerary chromosome segments are known to harbor different transposons from their essential counterparts. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of transposons in the origin and evolution of supernumerary segments in the asexual fungal pathogen Fusarium virguliforme. We compared the...

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Main Authors: Xiaoqiu Huang, Anindya Das, Binod B Sahu, Subodh K Srivastava, Leonor F Leandro, Kerry O'Donnell, Madan K Bhattacharyya
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2016-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4920403?pdf=render
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spelling doaj-9550bccba21b4d5fadafe7140f0c4f5d2020-11-25T02:13:02ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032016-01-01116e015818310.1371/journal.pone.0158183Identification of Highly Variable Supernumerary Chromosome Segments in an Asexual Pathogen.Xiaoqiu HuangAnindya DasBinod B SahuSubodh K SrivastavaLeonor F LeandroKerry O'DonnellMadan K BhattacharyyaSupernumerary chromosome segments are known to harbor different transposons from their essential counterparts. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of transposons in the origin and evolution of supernumerary segments in the asexual fungal pathogen Fusarium virguliforme. We compared the genomes of 11 isolates comprising six Fusarium species that cause soybean sudden death syndrome (SDS) or bean root rot (BRR), and identified significant levels of genetic variation in A+T-rich repeat blocks of the essential chromosomes and in A+T-neutral regions of the supernumerary segments. The A+T-rich repeat blocks in the essential chromosomes were highly variable between F. virguliforme and non-F. virguliforme isolates, but were scarcely variable between F. virguliforme isolates. The A+T-neutral regions in the supernumerary segments, however, were highly variable between F. virguliforme isolates, with a statistically significant number (21 standard deviations above the mean) of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). And supernumerary sequence types and rearrangement patterns of some F. virguliforme isolates were present in an isolate of F. cuneirostrum but not in the other F. virguliforme isolates. The most variable and highly expressed region in the supernumerary segments contained an active DNA transposon that was a most conserved match between F. virguliforme and the unrelated fungus Tolypocladium inflatum. This transposon was absent from two of the F. virguliforme isolates. Furthermore, transposons in the supernumerary segments of some F. virguliforme isolates were present in non-F. virguliforme isolates, but were absent from the other F. virguliforme isolates. Two supernumerary P450 enzymes were 43% and 57% identical to their essential counterparts. This study has raised the possibility that transposons generate genetic variation in supernumerary chromosome segments by frequent horizontal transfer within and between closely related species.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4920403?pdf=render
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Xiaoqiu Huang
Anindya Das
Binod B Sahu
Subodh K Srivastava
Leonor F Leandro
Kerry O'Donnell
Madan K Bhattacharyya
spellingShingle Xiaoqiu Huang
Anindya Das
Binod B Sahu
Subodh K Srivastava
Leonor F Leandro
Kerry O'Donnell
Madan K Bhattacharyya
Identification of Highly Variable Supernumerary Chromosome Segments in an Asexual Pathogen.
PLoS ONE
author_facet Xiaoqiu Huang
Anindya Das
Binod B Sahu
Subodh K Srivastava
Leonor F Leandro
Kerry O'Donnell
Madan K Bhattacharyya
author_sort Xiaoqiu Huang
title Identification of Highly Variable Supernumerary Chromosome Segments in an Asexual Pathogen.
title_short Identification of Highly Variable Supernumerary Chromosome Segments in an Asexual Pathogen.
title_full Identification of Highly Variable Supernumerary Chromosome Segments in an Asexual Pathogen.
title_fullStr Identification of Highly Variable Supernumerary Chromosome Segments in an Asexual Pathogen.
title_full_unstemmed Identification of Highly Variable Supernumerary Chromosome Segments in an Asexual Pathogen.
title_sort identification of highly variable supernumerary chromosome segments in an asexual pathogen.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
series PLoS ONE
issn 1932-6203
publishDate 2016-01-01
description Supernumerary chromosome segments are known to harbor different transposons from their essential counterparts. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of transposons in the origin and evolution of supernumerary segments in the asexual fungal pathogen Fusarium virguliforme. We compared the genomes of 11 isolates comprising six Fusarium species that cause soybean sudden death syndrome (SDS) or bean root rot (BRR), and identified significant levels of genetic variation in A+T-rich repeat blocks of the essential chromosomes and in A+T-neutral regions of the supernumerary segments. The A+T-rich repeat blocks in the essential chromosomes were highly variable between F. virguliforme and non-F. virguliforme isolates, but were scarcely variable between F. virguliforme isolates. The A+T-neutral regions in the supernumerary segments, however, were highly variable between F. virguliforme isolates, with a statistically significant number (21 standard deviations above the mean) of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). And supernumerary sequence types and rearrangement patterns of some F. virguliforme isolates were present in an isolate of F. cuneirostrum but not in the other F. virguliforme isolates. The most variable and highly expressed region in the supernumerary segments contained an active DNA transposon that was a most conserved match between F. virguliforme and the unrelated fungus Tolypocladium inflatum. This transposon was absent from two of the F. virguliforme isolates. Furthermore, transposons in the supernumerary segments of some F. virguliforme isolates were present in non-F. virguliforme isolates, but were absent from the other F. virguliforme isolates. Two supernumerary P450 enzymes were 43% and 57% identical to their essential counterparts. This study has raised the possibility that transposons generate genetic variation in supernumerary chromosome segments by frequent horizontal transfer within and between closely related species.
url http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4920403?pdf=render
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