| Summary: | At the beginning of XX century Russian higher education pursued three completely different tasks: To teach the rising generation, to inform that generation about what has been achieved by human thought, to teach students how to think and work scientifically, and it has to be the vehicle of enlightenment of rank people. Besides, the universities fulfilled a rather important function of the creators of new institutions of higher education of higher learning, schools of a new type in Russia. The scientific and public status of Russian professorate, the attitude towards new knowledge production and its practical use as well as towards democratization of that institute, student’s self-government, spread of circles for study of Russian and world history in the university’s and home circles as a means of gaining additional knowledge and for political discussions, an ‘individual life project’ as a mean of self-determination, the role of family traditions and customs in this process, a responsibility of students before their familiesand at the same timethe high degree of students’ mobility and self-dependency in choosing and building their own ‘life-projects’, the self-dependent and profound work in the libraries and archives, a typical model of way life of students and their growing interest in politics at large — are the main topics of the article. The article based on publications of students and university professors of those years as well as on my own family archives.
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