Using clinical data to predict sleep hypoxemia in patients with acromegaly Utilização de achados clínicos para predizer hipoxemia durante o sono em pacientes com acromegalia

Hypoxemia secondary to sleep apnea is commonly seen in patients with acromegaly, and this alteration apparently leads to considerable morbidity and mortality among such patients. With the objective of identifying hypoxemia based on clinical data, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 34 patients w...

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Main Authors: Marcelo Palmeira Rodrigues, Luciana Ansanelli Naves, Luiz Augusto Casulari, César Augusto Melo e Silva, Renata Rodrigues de Araújo, Carlos Alberto de Assis Viegas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Academia Brasileira de Neurologia (ABNEURO) 2007-06-01
Series:Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2007000200009
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Summary:Hypoxemia secondary to sleep apnea is commonly seen in patients with acromegaly, and this alteration apparently leads to considerable morbidity and mortality among such patients. With the objective of identifying hypoxemia based on clinical data, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 34 patients with acromegaly, all of whom were submitted to nocturnal oximetry and evaluation of snoring, as well as to the determination of body mass index (BMI) and neck circumference. In addition, daytime sleepiness was evaluated using the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). In this study, sleep hypoxemia was defined as five or more episodes of desaturation per hour. The sensitivity and specificity of the various parameters in predicting such hypoxemia were, respectively, as follows: snoring (92.9% and 35%); BMI >28.5 kg/m² (71.4% and 60%); neck circumference >44 cm (28.6% and 95%); ESS score >10 (42.9% and 70%). For patients with a neck circumference of more than 44 cm, the probability of sleep hypoxemia was found to increase from 41% (pre-test) to 80% (post-test). For patients with a neck circumference of less than 44 cm, positivity for two or three of the other parameters (snoring, ESS score >10 and BMI >28.5 kg/m²) increased the post-test probability to 62%, whereas positivity for only one (or none) reduced post-test probability to 8%. We can conclude that the clinical parameters evaluated allowed us to predict, with considerable accuracy, whether or not sleep hypoxemia would occur in patients with acromegaly.<br>A hipoxemia secundária a apnéia do sono é comumente encontrada na acromegalia e parece ser a alteração sobre a qual se estabelece considerável morbi-mortalidade. Com o objetivo de reconhecer sua presença a partir de dados clínicos foram estudados transversalmente 34 pacientes, os quais foram submetidos a oximetria noturna, medida do índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência do pescoço, sonolência pela escala de Epworth e avaliados quanto a presença de roncos. A sensibilidade e especificidade para predizer hipoxemia, mais de 5 episódios de dessaturação por hora, foram respectivamente: IMC >28,5 Kg/m² (71,4% e 60%); circunferência do pescoço >44 cm (28,6% e 95%); Epworth >10 pontos (42,9% e 70%); roncos (92,9% e 35%). Se presente circunferência do pescoço maior que 44 cm, a probabilidade de hipoxemia aumenta de 41% (pré-teste) para 80% (pós-teste). Se ausente este dado, a presença de dois ou três dos demais (ronco, Epworth >10, IMC >28,5 Kg/m²) eleva a probabilidade pós-teste para 62%, enquanto a presença de no máximo um deles é capaz de reduzir para 8%. Conclui-se que os achados clínicos avaliados permitem com alta probabilidade predizer ou não hipoxemia durante o sono na acromegalia.
ISSN:0004-282X
1678-4227