Polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE): Review of observations and current understanding

Polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE) are very strong radar echoes primarily studied in the VHF wavelength range from altitudes close to the polar summer mesopause. Radar waves are scattered at irregularities in the radar refractive index which at mesopause altitudes is effectively determined by the...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: M. Rapp, F.-J. Lübken
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Copernicus Publications 2004-01-01
Series:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Online Access:http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/4/2601/2004/acp-4-2601-2004.pdf