Histopathological evidence of Fabry disease in a female patient with left ventricular noncompaction

Fabry disease is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the alpha-galactosidase gene. The most frequent cardiac presentation of Fabry disease is cardiomyopathy characterized by left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, usually concentric.Heart disease in affected females tends to...

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Main Authors: Elisabete Martins, Teresa Pinho, Stirling Carpenter, Sérgio Leite, Raquel Garcia, António Madureira, João Paulo Oliveira
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2014-09-01
Series:Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0870255114001851
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spelling doaj-94581ab4a0a74bce8e7dec2fe807ce882020-11-25T02:21:58ZengElsevierRevista Portuguesa de Cardiologia0870-25512014-09-01339565.e1565.e6Histopathological evidence of Fabry disease in a female patient with left ventricular noncompactionElisabete Martins0Teresa Pinho1Stirling Carpenter2Sérgio Leite3Raquel Garcia4António Madureira5João Paulo Oliveira6Medical School of Porto, Department of Medicine, São João University Hospital, Porto, Portugal; Corresponding author.Cardiology Department, São João University Hospital, Porto, PortugalPathology Department, São João University Hospital, Porto, PortugalCardiology Department, São João University Hospital, Porto, PortugalCardiology Department, São João University Hospital, Porto, PortugalRadiology Department, São João University Hospital, Porto, PortugalMedical School of Porto, Genetics Department, São João University Hospital, Porto, PortugalFabry disease is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the alpha-galactosidase gene. The most frequent cardiac presentation of Fabry disease is cardiomyopathy characterized by left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, usually concentric.Heart disease in affected females tends to be clinically recognized later than in males and cardiac complications are the most frequently reported cause of death in females with Fabry disease. There are few data regarding the association between Fabry disease and LV noncompaction. We report a case of a 30-year-old asymptomatic woman, heterozygous for a nonsense alpha-galactosidase gene mutation (p.R220X), who presented LV noncompaction on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, without LV wall hypertrophy. Histopathological examination of myocardial fragments showed marked deposition of glycosphingolipids in cardiomyocytes, confirming the diagnosis of Fabry cardiomyopathy. Based on this finding, the patient was proposed for enzyme replacement therapy. This case illustrates the role of endomyocardial biopsy in the clarification of doubtful or atypical findings related to cardiac Fabry disease, even in heterozygous women, and corroborates the contention that Fabry disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of LV hypertrabeculation/noncompaction. Resumo: A doença de Fabry é uma doença rara de armazenamento lisossómico, ligada ao cromossoma X, causada por mutações no gene da α – galactosidase. A apresentação cardíaca mais frequente é uma miocardiopatia caracterizada por hipertrofia ventricular esquerda geralmente concêntrica.Nas mulheres afetadas a doença cardíaca tende a ser clinicamente reconhecida mais tardiamente do que em homens e as complicações cardíacas são a causa mais frequente de morte reportada em mulheres com doença de Fabry. Existem poucos dados sobre a associação entre a doença de Fabry e a não compactação do ventrículo esquerdo (VE). Reportamos o caso de uma mulher assintomática, com 30 anos de idade, heterozigota para uma mutação nonsense do gene da α–galactosidase gene (p.R220X) que apresentava critérios de VE não compactado na ressonância magnética cardíaca, sem hipertrofia das restantes paredes ventriculares. O exame histopatológico de fragmentos do miocárdio mostrou deposição acentuada de glicoesfingolípidos nos cardiomiócitos, corroborando o diagnóstico de miocardiopatia de Fabry. Com base nestes achados, foi proposto o início de terapia de substituição enzimática. Este caso ilustra o papel da biópsia endomiocárdica no esclarecimento de achados duvidosos ou atípicos relacionados com a doença de Fabry cardíaca, mesmo em mulheres heterozigotas, e corrobora a afirmação de que a doença de Fabry deve ser incluída no diagnóstico diferencial da hipertrabeculação/não compactação do VE. Keywords: Fabry disease, Hypertrabeculation/noncompaction, Endomyocardial biopsy, Palavras-chave: Doença de Fabry, Hipertrabeculação/não compactação, Biópsia endomiocárdicahttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0870255114001851
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Elisabete Martins
Teresa Pinho
Stirling Carpenter
Sérgio Leite
Raquel Garcia
António Madureira
João Paulo Oliveira
spellingShingle Elisabete Martins
Teresa Pinho
Stirling Carpenter
Sérgio Leite
Raquel Garcia
António Madureira
João Paulo Oliveira
Histopathological evidence of Fabry disease in a female patient with left ventricular noncompaction
Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
author_facet Elisabete Martins
Teresa Pinho
Stirling Carpenter
Sérgio Leite
Raquel Garcia
António Madureira
João Paulo Oliveira
author_sort Elisabete Martins
title Histopathological evidence of Fabry disease in a female patient with left ventricular noncompaction
title_short Histopathological evidence of Fabry disease in a female patient with left ventricular noncompaction
title_full Histopathological evidence of Fabry disease in a female patient with left ventricular noncompaction
title_fullStr Histopathological evidence of Fabry disease in a female patient with left ventricular noncompaction
title_full_unstemmed Histopathological evidence of Fabry disease in a female patient with left ventricular noncompaction
title_sort histopathological evidence of fabry disease in a female patient with left ventricular noncompaction
publisher Elsevier
series Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
issn 0870-2551
publishDate 2014-09-01
description Fabry disease is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the alpha-galactosidase gene. The most frequent cardiac presentation of Fabry disease is cardiomyopathy characterized by left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, usually concentric.Heart disease in affected females tends to be clinically recognized later than in males and cardiac complications are the most frequently reported cause of death in females with Fabry disease. There are few data regarding the association between Fabry disease and LV noncompaction. We report a case of a 30-year-old asymptomatic woman, heterozygous for a nonsense alpha-galactosidase gene mutation (p.R220X), who presented LV noncompaction on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, without LV wall hypertrophy. Histopathological examination of myocardial fragments showed marked deposition of glycosphingolipids in cardiomyocytes, confirming the diagnosis of Fabry cardiomyopathy. Based on this finding, the patient was proposed for enzyme replacement therapy. This case illustrates the role of endomyocardial biopsy in the clarification of doubtful or atypical findings related to cardiac Fabry disease, even in heterozygous women, and corroborates the contention that Fabry disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of LV hypertrabeculation/noncompaction. Resumo: A doença de Fabry é uma doença rara de armazenamento lisossómico, ligada ao cromossoma X, causada por mutações no gene da α – galactosidase. A apresentação cardíaca mais frequente é uma miocardiopatia caracterizada por hipertrofia ventricular esquerda geralmente concêntrica.Nas mulheres afetadas a doença cardíaca tende a ser clinicamente reconhecida mais tardiamente do que em homens e as complicações cardíacas são a causa mais frequente de morte reportada em mulheres com doença de Fabry. Existem poucos dados sobre a associação entre a doença de Fabry e a não compactação do ventrículo esquerdo (VE). Reportamos o caso de uma mulher assintomática, com 30 anos de idade, heterozigota para uma mutação nonsense do gene da α–galactosidase gene (p.R220X) que apresentava critérios de VE não compactado na ressonância magnética cardíaca, sem hipertrofia das restantes paredes ventriculares. O exame histopatológico de fragmentos do miocárdio mostrou deposição acentuada de glicoesfingolípidos nos cardiomiócitos, corroborando o diagnóstico de miocardiopatia de Fabry. Com base nestes achados, foi proposto o início de terapia de substituição enzimática. Este caso ilustra o papel da biópsia endomiocárdica no esclarecimento de achados duvidosos ou atípicos relacionados com a doença de Fabry cardíaca, mesmo em mulheres heterozigotas, e corrobora a afirmação de que a doença de Fabry deve ser incluída no diagnóstico diferencial da hipertrabeculação/não compactação do VE. Keywords: Fabry disease, Hypertrabeculation/noncompaction, Endomyocardial biopsy, Palavras-chave: Doença de Fabry, Hipertrabeculação/não compactação, Biópsia endomiocárdica
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0870255114001851
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