Cognitive profile of children with sickle cell anemia compared to healthy controls
Objective: To evaluate the cognitive abilities of children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia diagnosed through neonatal screening and to compare them with healthy controls, adjusting the results to their socioeconomic status. Methods: Cognitive assessment was performed with the Wechsler WISC-I...
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Elsevier
2019-07-01
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Series: | Jornal de Pediatria |
Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021755717310495 |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Isabel Pimenta Spínola Castro Marcos Borato Viana |
spellingShingle |
Isabel Pimenta Spínola Castro Marcos Borato Viana Cognitive profile of children with sickle cell anemia compared to healthy controls Jornal de Pediatria |
author_facet |
Isabel Pimenta Spínola Castro Marcos Borato Viana |
author_sort |
Isabel Pimenta Spínola Castro |
title |
Cognitive profile of children with sickle cell anemia compared to healthy controls |
title_short |
Cognitive profile of children with sickle cell anemia compared to healthy controls |
title_full |
Cognitive profile of children with sickle cell anemia compared to healthy controls |
title_fullStr |
Cognitive profile of children with sickle cell anemia compared to healthy controls |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cognitive profile of children with sickle cell anemia compared to healthy controls |
title_sort |
cognitive profile of children with sickle cell anemia compared to healthy controls |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Jornal de Pediatria |
issn |
0021-7557 |
publishDate |
2019-07-01 |
description |
Objective: To evaluate the cognitive abilities of children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia diagnosed through neonatal screening and to compare them with healthy controls, adjusting the results to their socioeconomic status. Methods: Cognitive assessment was performed with the Wechsler WISC-III scale in 64 children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia and in 64 controls matched by gender and age, without the disease and without neurological impairment; socioeconomic status was measured by the Criterion Brasil. Results: All cognitive scores were lower in the group of patients. The mean overall IQ, Verbal IQ, and Performance IQ were, respectively, 90.95 for the group of patients and 113.97 for the controls (p < 0.001); 91.41 for the group of patients and 112.31 for the controls (p < 0.001); 92.34 for the group of patients and 113.38 for the controls (p < 0.001). Scores for processing speed, distraction resistance, and perceptual organization were also significantly lower in patients. A direct and significant correlation was detected between socioeconomic status and cognitive scores. In the multivariate analysis, for the same socioeconomic status, a child with sickle cell anemia had an average IQ of 21.2 points lower than the mean IQ observed for the controls (p < 0.001), indicating that the disease, adjusted for the socioeconomic effect, is a strong predictor of the overall IQ. Conclusion: The cognitive impairment of children with sickle cell anemia is severe and manifests even when the disease effect is adjusted to the socioeconomic status. In the authors’ view, such impairment requires an early preventive approach in order to avoid this cognitive damage. Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar os sistemas cognitivos de crianças e adolescentes com anemia falciforme provenientes de triagem neonatal e compará-las com controles sadios, ajustando-se os resultados para o nível socioeconômico. Método: A avaliação cognitiva foi feita com a escala de Wechsler WISC-III em 64 crianças e adolescentes com anemia falciforme e em 64 controles pareados por sexo e idade, sem a doença e sem comprometimento neurológico; o nível socioeconômico foi aferido pelo Critério Brasil. Resultados: Todos os escores cognitivos foram inferiores no grupo de pacientes. As médias de QI Total, QI Verbal e QI de Execução foram respectivamente 90,95 para o grupo de pacientes e 113,97 para os controles (p < 0,001); 91,41 para o grupo de pacientes e 112,31 para os controles (p < 0,001); 92,34 para o grupo de pacientes e 113,38 para os controles (p < 0,001). Os escores de velocidade de processamento, de resistência à distração e de organização perceptual foram, também, significativamente mais baixos nos pacientes. Detectou-se correlação direta e significativa entre o nível socioeconômico e os escores cognitivos. Em análise multivariada, para um mesmo nível socioeconômico, uma criança com anemia falciforme teve QI total, em média, 21,2 pontos mais baixo do que a média dos controles (p < 0,001), indicou que a doença, ajustada para o efeito socioeconômico, é forte fator preditivo do QI total. Conclusão: Os prejuízos cognitivos das crianças com anemia falciforme são intensos e se manifestam mesmo quando o efeito da doença é ajustado para o nível socioeconômico, o que, a nosso ver, requer abordagem preventiva precoce para tentar evitar tais prejuízos. Keywords: Sickle cell anemia, Cognition, Child, Adolescent medicine, Cerebral infarction, Sickle hemoglobin, Palavras-chave: Anemia falciforme, Cognição, Criança, Medicina do adolescente, Infarto cerebral, Hemoglobina falciforme |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021755717310495 |
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doaj-9329a452de7843e38fb1a91bdb2fddbf2020-11-25T00:41:50ZengElsevierJornal de Pediatria0021-75572019-07-01954451457Cognitive profile of children with sickle cell anemia compared to healthy controlsIsabel Pimenta Spínola Castro0Marcos Borato Viana1Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Corresponding author.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilObjective: To evaluate the cognitive abilities of children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia diagnosed through neonatal screening and to compare them with healthy controls, adjusting the results to their socioeconomic status. Methods: Cognitive assessment was performed with the Wechsler WISC-III scale in 64 children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia and in 64 controls matched by gender and age, without the disease and without neurological impairment; socioeconomic status was measured by the Criterion Brasil. Results: All cognitive scores were lower in the group of patients. The mean overall IQ, Verbal IQ, and Performance IQ were, respectively, 90.95 for the group of patients and 113.97 for the controls (p < 0.001); 91.41 for the group of patients and 112.31 for the controls (p < 0.001); 92.34 for the group of patients and 113.38 for the controls (p < 0.001). Scores for processing speed, distraction resistance, and perceptual organization were also significantly lower in patients. A direct and significant correlation was detected between socioeconomic status and cognitive scores. In the multivariate analysis, for the same socioeconomic status, a child with sickle cell anemia had an average IQ of 21.2 points lower than the mean IQ observed for the controls (p < 0.001), indicating that the disease, adjusted for the socioeconomic effect, is a strong predictor of the overall IQ. Conclusion: The cognitive impairment of children with sickle cell anemia is severe and manifests even when the disease effect is adjusted to the socioeconomic status. In the authors’ view, such impairment requires an early preventive approach in order to avoid this cognitive damage. Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar os sistemas cognitivos de crianças e adolescentes com anemia falciforme provenientes de triagem neonatal e compará-las com controles sadios, ajustando-se os resultados para o nível socioeconômico. Método: A avaliação cognitiva foi feita com a escala de Wechsler WISC-III em 64 crianças e adolescentes com anemia falciforme e em 64 controles pareados por sexo e idade, sem a doença e sem comprometimento neurológico; o nível socioeconômico foi aferido pelo Critério Brasil. Resultados: Todos os escores cognitivos foram inferiores no grupo de pacientes. As médias de QI Total, QI Verbal e QI de Execução foram respectivamente 90,95 para o grupo de pacientes e 113,97 para os controles (p < 0,001); 91,41 para o grupo de pacientes e 112,31 para os controles (p < 0,001); 92,34 para o grupo de pacientes e 113,38 para os controles (p < 0,001). Os escores de velocidade de processamento, de resistência à distração e de organização perceptual foram, também, significativamente mais baixos nos pacientes. Detectou-se correlação direta e significativa entre o nível socioeconômico e os escores cognitivos. Em análise multivariada, para um mesmo nível socioeconômico, uma criança com anemia falciforme teve QI total, em média, 21,2 pontos mais baixo do que a média dos controles (p < 0,001), indicou que a doença, ajustada para o efeito socioeconômico, é forte fator preditivo do QI total. Conclusão: Os prejuízos cognitivos das crianças com anemia falciforme são intensos e se manifestam mesmo quando o efeito da doença é ajustado para o nível socioeconômico, o que, a nosso ver, requer abordagem preventiva precoce para tentar evitar tais prejuízos. Keywords: Sickle cell anemia, Cognition, Child, Adolescent medicine, Cerebral infarction, Sickle hemoglobin, Palavras-chave: Anemia falciforme, Cognição, Criança, Medicina do adolescente, Infarto cerebral, Hemoglobina falciformehttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021755717310495 |