| Summary: | In 2015, a new course became integrated into secondary school programs: moral and civic teaching (MCT), replacing civic teaching (CT). Reflecting politics and media debates about secularism and national identity, this program is part of a larger project to reinforce citizenship education and republican values. How does this new course modify the previous program? What are the gains of this measure? Based on the sociology of curriculum, this study analyzes legal texts (decrees, laws, official reports) and scholar programs of both secondary-school courses (CT and MCT) between 1985 and 2015 in order to understand the evolution of educational policies. The analysis reveals a shift from citizen-focused education to individualized moral-based education. The study exposes tensions between republican values and approaches based on critical thinking. It also tells of tension between the desire for an equal society and the diversity inclusion.
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