Cephalosporin-induced biliary sludge in children

• Main Authors: A.E. Abaturov, V.L. Babich, A.E. Lykova, A.E. Kozachkovsky, N.M. Lybenko
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Publishing House Zaslavsky 2017-08-01
• Series: Zdorovʹe Rebenka
• Subjects: сephalosporins; biliary sludge; biliary pseudolithiasis; children
• Online Access: http://childshealth.zaslavsky.com.ua/article/view/109273
• ISSN: 2224-0551; 2307-1168

Background. One of the side effects of the third generation cephalosporins is the formation of cephalosporin-induced biliary pseudolithiasis (CIBPL). The purpose of the study was to establish the peculiarities of the formation of biliary sludge during the application of the third generation cephalosporins in the treatment of acute respiratory infections in children. Materials and methods. We examined 46 children aged 2 to 15 years with acute respiratory infections. Сephalosporins were administered intravenously in age doses. We evaluated the biochemical blood test and the echosonography (ultrasound) of the biliary tract before the treatment and after the end of antibiotic therapy of all children. Results. According to ultrasound data, in 10 patients (21.7 %) with acute respiratory infections, after a course of therapy with the third generation cephalosporins, heterogeneous contents were detected in the gallbladder lumen in the form of a hyperechoic suspension, which indicated the formation of CIBPL. The average age of patients with CIBPL was 9.05 ± 1.44 years and was within the range of 4 to 15 years. We found that in 60 % of the examined children, the formation of CIBPL proceeded subclinically. The results of a biochemical study of blood serum showed that in children with CIBPL, an increase in the activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase was observed. It was found that CIBPL is detected in 22.9 % of children against the background of ceftriaxone therapy, in 9 % of patients — ceftazidime. Biliary sludge was formed in 54.5 % of patients receiving ceftriaxone in high doses (100 mg/kg/day), and in 75 % of cases after 10 days of using this antibiotic. Conclusions. The obtained results showed that against the background of using third generation cephalosporins in the treatment of acute respiratory infections, 21.7 % of children had CIBPL. A particularly high risk of developing CIBPL is observed when using high doses of ceftriaxone and prolonged therapy with cephalosporins.