| Summary: | Phytochemical investigation and chromatographic separation of extracts from the actinobacteria strain <i>Saccharomonospora</i> <i>piscinae</i> that was isolated from dried fishpond sediment of Kouhu township, in the south of Taiwan, led to the isolation of three new compounds, saccharpiscinols A–C (<b>1</b>–<b>3</b>, respectively), and three new natural products<i>,</i> namely (2<i>S</i>)-5,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy-6,8-dimethylflavanone (<b>4</b>), methyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methylbenzoate (<b>5</b>), and (±)-7-acetyl-4,8-dihydroxy-6-methyl-1-tetralone (<b>6</b>). Compounds <b>4</b>–<b>6</b> were reported before as synthesized products, herein, they are reported from nature for the first time. The structures of the new compounds were unambiguously elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data analysis (1D- and 2D-NMR, MS, and UV) and comparison with literature data. The effect of some isolates on the inhibition of NO production in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages was evaluated. Saccharpiscinol A showed inhibitory activities against LPS-induced NO production.
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