Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Chlorella, a unicellular green alga that grows in fresh water, contains high levels of proteins, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibers. Some studies have reported favorable immune function-related effects on biological secretions su...

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Main Authors: Iemitsu Motoyuki, Shimizu Kazuhiro, Otsuki Takeshi, Kono Ichiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2011-09-01
Series:Nutrition Journal
Online Access:http://www.nutritionj.com/content/10/1/91
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spelling doaj-900103adc1f54541ae9ef46aac667ab52020-11-24T21:35:56ZengBMCNutrition Journal1475-28912011-09-011019110.1186/1475-2891-10-91Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over studyIemitsu MotoyukiShimizu KazuhiroOtsuki TakeshiKono Ichiro<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Chlorella, a unicellular green alga that grows in fresh water, contains high levels of proteins, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibers. Some studies have reported favorable immune function-related effects on biological secretions such as blood and breast milk in humans who have ingested a chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement. However, the effects of chlorella-derived supplement on mucosal immune functions remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether chlorella ingestion increases the salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) secretion in humans using a blind, randomized, crossover study design.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Fifteen men took 30 placebo and 30 chlorella tablets per day for 4 weeks separated by a 12-week washout period. Before and after each trial, saliva samples were collected from a sterile cotton ball that was chewed after overnight fasting. Salivary SIgA concentrations were measured using ELISA.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Compliance rates for placebo and chlorella ingestions were 97.0 ± 1.0% and 95.3 ± 1.6%, respectively. No difference was observed in salivary SIgA concentrations before and after placebo ingestion (<it>P </it>= 0.38). However, salivary SIgA concentrations were significantly elevated after chlorella ingestion compared to baseline (<it>P </it>< 0.01). No trial × period interaction was identified for the saliva flow rates. Although the SIgA secretion rate was not affected by placebo ingestion (<it>P </it>= 0.36), it significantly increased after 4-week chlorella ingestion than before intake (<it>P </it>< 0.01).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results suggest 4-week ingestion of a chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement increases salivary SIgA secretion and possibly improves mucosal immune function in humans.</p> http://www.nutritionj.com/content/10/1/91
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Iemitsu Motoyuki
Shimizu Kazuhiro
Otsuki Takeshi
Kono Ichiro
spellingShingle Iemitsu Motoyuki
Shimizu Kazuhiro
Otsuki Takeshi
Kono Ichiro
Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study
Nutrition Journal
author_facet Iemitsu Motoyuki
Shimizu Kazuhiro
Otsuki Takeshi
Kono Ichiro
author_sort Iemitsu Motoyuki
title Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study
title_short Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study
title_full Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study
title_fullStr Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study
title_full_unstemmed Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study
title_sort salivary secretory immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study
publisher BMC
series Nutrition Journal
issn 1475-2891
publishDate 2011-09-01
description <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Chlorella, a unicellular green alga that grows in fresh water, contains high levels of proteins, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibers. Some studies have reported favorable immune function-related effects on biological secretions such as blood and breast milk in humans who have ingested a chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement. However, the effects of chlorella-derived supplement on mucosal immune functions remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether chlorella ingestion increases the salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) secretion in humans using a blind, randomized, crossover study design.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Fifteen men took 30 placebo and 30 chlorella tablets per day for 4 weeks separated by a 12-week washout period. Before and after each trial, saliva samples were collected from a sterile cotton ball that was chewed after overnight fasting. Salivary SIgA concentrations were measured using ELISA.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Compliance rates for placebo and chlorella ingestions were 97.0 ± 1.0% and 95.3 ± 1.6%, respectively. No difference was observed in salivary SIgA concentrations before and after placebo ingestion (<it>P </it>= 0.38). However, salivary SIgA concentrations were significantly elevated after chlorella ingestion compared to baseline (<it>P </it>< 0.01). No trial × period interaction was identified for the saliva flow rates. Although the SIgA secretion rate was not affected by placebo ingestion (<it>P </it>= 0.36), it significantly increased after 4-week chlorella ingestion than before intake (<it>P </it>< 0.01).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results suggest 4-week ingestion of a chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement increases salivary SIgA secretion and possibly improves mucosal immune function in humans.</p>
url http://www.nutritionj.com/content/10/1/91
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