Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Chlorella, a unicellular green alga that grows in fresh water, contains high levels of proteins, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibers. Some studies have reported favorable immune function-related effects on biological secretions su...
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doaj-900103adc1f54541ae9ef46aac667ab52020-11-24T21:35:56ZengBMCNutrition Journal1475-28912011-09-011019110.1186/1475-2891-10-91Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over studyIemitsu MotoyukiShimizu KazuhiroOtsuki TakeshiKono Ichiro<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Chlorella, a unicellular green alga that grows in fresh water, contains high levels of proteins, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibers. Some studies have reported favorable immune function-related effects on biological secretions such as blood and breast milk in humans who have ingested a chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement. However, the effects of chlorella-derived supplement on mucosal immune functions remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether chlorella ingestion increases the salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) secretion in humans using a blind, randomized, crossover study design.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Fifteen men took 30 placebo and 30 chlorella tablets per day for 4 weeks separated by a 12-week washout period. Before and after each trial, saliva samples were collected from a sterile cotton ball that was chewed after overnight fasting. Salivary SIgA concentrations were measured using ELISA.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Compliance rates for placebo and chlorella ingestions were 97.0 ± 1.0% and 95.3 ± 1.6%, respectively. No difference was observed in salivary SIgA concentrations before and after placebo ingestion (<it>P </it>= 0.38). However, salivary SIgA concentrations were significantly elevated after chlorella ingestion compared to baseline (<it>P </it>< 0.01). No trial × period interaction was identified for the saliva flow rates. Although the SIgA secretion rate was not affected by placebo ingestion (<it>P </it>= 0.36), it significantly increased after 4-week chlorella ingestion than before intake (<it>P </it>< 0.01).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results suggest 4-week ingestion of a chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement increases salivary SIgA secretion and possibly improves mucosal immune function in humans.</p> http://www.nutritionj.com/content/10/1/91 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Iemitsu Motoyuki Shimizu Kazuhiro Otsuki Takeshi Kono Ichiro |
spellingShingle |
Iemitsu Motoyuki Shimizu Kazuhiro Otsuki Takeshi Kono Ichiro Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study Nutrition Journal |
author_facet |
Iemitsu Motoyuki Shimizu Kazuhiro Otsuki Takeshi Kono Ichiro |
author_sort |
Iemitsu Motoyuki |
title |
Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study |
title_short |
Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study |
title_full |
Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study |
title_fullStr |
Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study |
title_sort |
salivary secretory immunoglobulin a secretion increases after 4-weeks ingestion of chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement in humans: a randomized cross over study |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Nutrition Journal |
issn |
1475-2891 |
publishDate |
2011-09-01 |
description |
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Chlorella, a unicellular green alga that grows in fresh water, contains high levels of proteins, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibers. Some studies have reported favorable immune function-related effects on biological secretions such as blood and breast milk in humans who have ingested a chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement. However, the effects of chlorella-derived supplement on mucosal immune functions remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether chlorella ingestion increases the salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) secretion in humans using a blind, randomized, crossover study design.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Fifteen men took 30 placebo and 30 chlorella tablets per day for 4 weeks separated by a 12-week washout period. Before and after each trial, saliva samples were collected from a sterile cotton ball that was chewed after overnight fasting. Salivary SIgA concentrations were measured using ELISA.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Compliance rates for placebo and chlorella ingestions were 97.0 ± 1.0% and 95.3 ± 1.6%, respectively. No difference was observed in salivary SIgA concentrations before and after placebo ingestion (<it>P </it>= 0.38). However, salivary SIgA concentrations were significantly elevated after chlorella ingestion compared to baseline (<it>P </it>< 0.01). No trial × period interaction was identified for the saliva flow rates. Although the SIgA secretion rate was not affected by placebo ingestion (<it>P </it>= 0.36), it significantly increased after 4-week chlorella ingestion than before intake (<it>P </it>< 0.01).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results suggest 4-week ingestion of a chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement increases salivary SIgA secretion and possibly improves mucosal immune function in humans.</p> |
url |
http://www.nutritionj.com/content/10/1/91 |
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