| Summary: | The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of interrelated risk factors that appear to directly promote the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Recently, an association with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been documented severally in literature. Only a few prevalence studies on MetS exist in this part of the world. The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of CKD in patients with MetS and to determine the association between MetS- related variables and CKD. The updated NCEP ATP III guideline was used for definition of MetS. Patients had their fasting plasma glucose, serum lipids, urea and creatinine as well as spot urine albumin: creatinine ratio done. Two hundred and twenty two patients completed the study. The prevalence of CKD was 20.3% while 20.0% had abnormal ACR value. Body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were associated with CKD in univariate analysis but only BMI and diastolic blood pressure were independent predictors of CKD in multivariate analysis. There was a graded relationship between the number of MetS traits and the presence of CKD and also between MetS traits and ACR.
In conclusion, CKD is prevalent in patients with the metabolic syndrome and may be due to a synergistic effect of the various components of the syndrome. Diastolic blood pressure and obesity may predict CKD in MetS patients. Albuminuria may also be prevalent in MetS patients; increasing with increasing number of MetS traits.
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