Postoperative surveillance in neurosurgical patients – usefulness of neurological assessment scores and bispectral index

Background and objectives: We examined the additive effect of the Ramsay scale, Canadian Neurological Scale (CNS), Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC), and Bispectral Index (BIS) to see whether along with the assessment of pupils and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) it improved early detection of pos...

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Main Authors: Silvia Herrero, Enrique Carrero, Ricard Valero, Jose Rios, Neus Fábregas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2017-03-01
Series:Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001416300318
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record_format Article
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language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Silvia Herrero
Enrique Carrero
Ricard Valero
Jose Rios
Neus Fábregas
spellingShingle Silvia Herrero
Enrique Carrero
Ricard Valero
Jose Rios
Neus Fábregas
Postoperative surveillance in neurosurgical patients – usefulness of neurological assessment scores and bispectral index
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
author_facet Silvia Herrero
Enrique Carrero
Ricard Valero
Jose Rios
Neus Fábregas
author_sort Silvia Herrero
title Postoperative surveillance in neurosurgical patients – usefulness of neurological assessment scores and bispectral index
title_short Postoperative surveillance in neurosurgical patients – usefulness of neurological assessment scores and bispectral index
title_full Postoperative surveillance in neurosurgical patients – usefulness of neurological assessment scores and bispectral index
title_fullStr Postoperative surveillance in neurosurgical patients – usefulness of neurological assessment scores and bispectral index
title_full_unstemmed Postoperative surveillance in neurosurgical patients – usefulness of neurological assessment scores and bispectral index
title_sort postoperative surveillance in neurosurgical patients – usefulness of neurological assessment scores and bispectral index
publisher Elsevier
series Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
issn 0104-0014
publishDate 2017-03-01
description Background and objectives: We examined the additive effect of the Ramsay scale, Canadian Neurological Scale (CNS), Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC), and Bispectral Index (BIS) to see whether along with the assessment of pupils and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) it improved early detection of postoperative neurological complications. Methods: We designed a prospective observational study of two elective neurosurgery groups of patients: craniotomies (CG) and non-craniotomies (NCG). We analyze the concordance and the odds ratio (OR) of altered neurological scales and BIS in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) for postoperative neurological complications. We compared the isolated assessment of pupils and GCS (pupils-GCS) with all the neurologic assessment scales and BIS (scales-BIS). Results: In the CG (n = 70), 16 patients (22.9%) had neurological complications in PACU. The scales-BIS registered more alterations than the pupils-GCS (31.4% vs. 20%; p < 0.001), were more sensitive (94% vs. 50%) and allowed a more precise estimate for neurological complications in PACU (p = 0.002; OR = 7.15, 95% CI = 2.1–24.7 vs. p = 0.002; OR = 9.5, 95% CI = 2.3–39.4). In the NCG (n = 46), there were no neurological complications in PACU. The scales-BIS showed alterations in 18 cases (39.1%) versus 1 (2.2%) with the pupils-GCS (p < 0.001). Altered CNS on PACU admission increased the risk of neurological complications in the ward (p = 0.048; OR = 7.28, 95% CI = 1.021–52.006). Conclusions: Applied together, the assessment of pupils, GCS, Ramsay scale, CNS, Nu-DESC and BIS improved early detection of postoperative neurological complications in PACU after elective craniotomies. Resumo: Justificativa e objetivos: Avaliamos o efeito aditivo da escala de Ramsay, Escala Neurológica Canadense (CNS), Escala da Enfermagem de Triagem de Delírio (Nu-DESC) e Índice Bispectral (BIS) para observar se, juntamente com a avaliação das pupilas e da Escala de Coma de Glasgow (GCS), melhorava a detecção precoce de complicações neurológicas no pós-operatório. Métodos: Projetamos um estudo observacional, prospectivo, de dois grupos de pacientes submetidos à neurocirurgia eletiva: craniotomia (Grupo C) e não-craniotomia (Grupo NC). Analisamos a concordância e a razão de chance (OR) de alterações nas escalas neurológicas e no BIS na sala de recuperação pós-anestesia (SRPA) para complicações neurológicas no pós-operatório. Comparamos a avaliação isolada das pupilas e da GCS (pupilas-GCS) com todas as escalas de avaliação neurológica e o BIS (escalas-BIS). Resultados: No Grupo C (n = 70), 16 pacientes (22,9%) apresentaram complicações neurológicas na SRPA. As escalas-BIS registraram mais alterações que as pupilas-GCS (31,4% vs. 20%; p < 0,001), foram mais sensíveis (94% vs. 50%) e permitiram uma estimativa mais precisa das complicações neurológicas na SRPA (p = 0,002; OR = 7,15, IC 95% = 2,1–24.7 vs. p = 0,002; OR = 9,5, IC 95% = 2,3–39,4). No grupo NC (n = 46), não houve complicações neurológicas na SRPA. As escalas-BIS mostraram alterações em 18 casos (39,1%) versus um caso (2,2%) com as pupilas-GCS (p < 0,001). Alteração na CNS na admissão à SRPA aumentou o risco de complicações neurológicas na enfermaria (p = 0,048; OR = 7,28, IC 95% = 1,021-52,006). Conclusões: Aplicados em conjunto, a avaliação das pupilas, GCS, escala de Ramsay, CNS, Nu-DESC e BIS melhoraram a detecção precoce de complicações neurológicas no pós-operatório na SRPA após craniotomias eletivas. Keywords: Bispectral index monitor, Craniotomy elective, Neurologic examination, Neurosurgical procedures, Postoperative care, Postoperative complications, Palavras-chave: Monitor BIS, Craniotomia eletiva, Exame neurológico, Procedimentos neurocirúrgicos, Cuidados no pós-operatório, Complicações no pós-operatório
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001416300318
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spelling doaj-8e6429da66ba43058676aabb604be9062020-11-25T02:45:06ZengElsevierBrazilian Journal of Anesthesiology0104-00142017-03-01672153165Postoperative surveillance in neurosurgical patients – usefulness of neurological assessment scores and bispectral indexSilvia Herrero0Enrique Carrero1Ricard Valero2Jose Rios3Neus Fábregas4Universidad de Barcelona, Hospital Clínic, Sala de Recuperación Pós-Anestésicos, Villarroel, Barcelona, Spain; Corresponding author.Universidad de Barcelona, Hospital Clínic, Servicio de Anestesiología, Villarroel, Barcelona, SpainUniversidad de Barcelona, Hospital Clínic, Servicio de Anestesiología, Villarroel, Barcelona, SpainUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Laboratório de Bioestatística e Epidemiologia, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Bioestadística y Plataforma de Gestión de Datos, Barcelona, SpainUniversidad de Barcelona, Hospital Clínic, Servicio de Anestesiología, Villarroel, Barcelona, SpainBackground and objectives: We examined the additive effect of the Ramsay scale, Canadian Neurological Scale (CNS), Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC), and Bispectral Index (BIS) to see whether along with the assessment of pupils and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) it improved early detection of postoperative neurological complications. Methods: We designed a prospective observational study of two elective neurosurgery groups of patients: craniotomies (CG) and non-craniotomies (NCG). We analyze the concordance and the odds ratio (OR) of altered neurological scales and BIS in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) for postoperative neurological complications. We compared the isolated assessment of pupils and GCS (pupils-GCS) with all the neurologic assessment scales and BIS (scales-BIS). Results: In the CG (n = 70), 16 patients (22.9%) had neurological complications in PACU. The scales-BIS registered more alterations than the pupils-GCS (31.4% vs. 20%; p < 0.001), were more sensitive (94% vs. 50%) and allowed a more precise estimate for neurological complications in PACU (p = 0.002; OR = 7.15, 95% CI = 2.1–24.7 vs. p = 0.002; OR = 9.5, 95% CI = 2.3–39.4). In the NCG (n = 46), there were no neurological complications in PACU. The scales-BIS showed alterations in 18 cases (39.1%) versus 1 (2.2%) with the pupils-GCS (p < 0.001). Altered CNS on PACU admission increased the risk of neurological complications in the ward (p = 0.048; OR = 7.28, 95% CI = 1.021–52.006). Conclusions: Applied together, the assessment of pupils, GCS, Ramsay scale, CNS, Nu-DESC and BIS improved early detection of postoperative neurological complications in PACU after elective craniotomies. Resumo: Justificativa e objetivos: Avaliamos o efeito aditivo da escala de Ramsay, Escala Neurológica Canadense (CNS), Escala da Enfermagem de Triagem de Delírio (Nu-DESC) e Índice Bispectral (BIS) para observar se, juntamente com a avaliação das pupilas e da Escala de Coma de Glasgow (GCS), melhorava a detecção precoce de complicações neurológicas no pós-operatório. Métodos: Projetamos um estudo observacional, prospectivo, de dois grupos de pacientes submetidos à neurocirurgia eletiva: craniotomia (Grupo C) e não-craniotomia (Grupo NC). Analisamos a concordância e a razão de chance (OR) de alterações nas escalas neurológicas e no BIS na sala de recuperação pós-anestesia (SRPA) para complicações neurológicas no pós-operatório. Comparamos a avaliação isolada das pupilas e da GCS (pupilas-GCS) com todas as escalas de avaliação neurológica e o BIS (escalas-BIS). Resultados: No Grupo C (n = 70), 16 pacientes (22,9%) apresentaram complicações neurológicas na SRPA. As escalas-BIS registraram mais alterações que as pupilas-GCS (31,4% vs. 20%; p < 0,001), foram mais sensíveis (94% vs. 50%) e permitiram uma estimativa mais precisa das complicações neurológicas na SRPA (p = 0,002; OR = 7,15, IC 95% = 2,1–24.7 vs. p = 0,002; OR = 9,5, IC 95% = 2,3–39,4). No grupo NC (n = 46), não houve complicações neurológicas na SRPA. As escalas-BIS mostraram alterações em 18 casos (39,1%) versus um caso (2,2%) com as pupilas-GCS (p < 0,001). Alteração na CNS na admissão à SRPA aumentou o risco de complicações neurológicas na enfermaria (p = 0,048; OR = 7,28, IC 95% = 1,021-52,006). Conclusões: Aplicados em conjunto, a avaliação das pupilas, GCS, escala de Ramsay, CNS, Nu-DESC e BIS melhoraram a detecção precoce de complicações neurológicas no pós-operatório na SRPA após craniotomias eletivas. Keywords: Bispectral index monitor, Craniotomy elective, Neurologic examination, Neurosurgical procedures, Postoperative care, Postoperative complications, Palavras-chave: Monitor BIS, Craniotomia eletiva, Exame neurológico, Procedimentos neurocirúrgicos, Cuidados no pós-operatório, Complicações no pós-operatóriohttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001416300318