Durability of antibody response to vaccination and surrogate neutralization of emerging variants based on SARS-CoV-2 exposure history

Abstract Two-dose messenger RNA vaccines against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are highly effective in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 infection. However, the durability of protection is not known, nor is the effectiveness against emerging viral variants. Additiona...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Thomas W. McDade, Alexis R. Demonbreun, Amelia Sancilio, Brian Mustanski, Richard T. D’Aquila, Elizabeth M. McNally
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Publishing Group 2021-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96879-3
Description
Summary:Abstract Two-dose messenger RNA vaccines against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are highly effective in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 infection. However, the durability of protection is not known, nor is the effectiveness against emerging viral variants. Additionally, vaccine responses may differ based on prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure history. To investigate protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants we measured binding and neutralizing antibody responses following both vaccine doses. We document significant declines in antibody levels three months post-vaccination, and reduced neutralization of emerging variants, highlighting the need to identify correlates of clinical protection to inform the timing of and indications for booster vaccination.
ISSN:2045-2322