Physiological and Pathophysiological Aspects of Primary Cilia—A Literature Review with View on Functional and Structural Relationships in Cartilage

Physiological and Pathophysiological Aspects of Primary Cilia—A Literature Review with View on Functional and Structural Relationships in Cartilage

Cilia are cellular organelles that project from the cell. They occur in nearly all non-hematopoietic tissues and have different functions in different tissues. In mesenchymal tissues primary cilia play a crucial role in the adequate morphogenesis during embryological development. In mature articular...

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Main Authors: Friedrich Barsch, Tanja Niedermair, Andreas Mamilos, Volker H. Schmitt, David Grevenstein, Maximilian Babel, Thomas Burgoyne, Amelia Shoemark, Christoph Brochhausen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-07-01
Series:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Subjects:
Primary cilia
cartilage
osteoarthritis
mechanotransduction
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/14/4959
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spelling doaj-8d93b306cf404b5daf16a0ba3be970812020-11-25T03:21:34ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-07-01214959495910.3390/ijms21144959Physiological and Pathophysiological Aspects of Primary Cilia—A Literature Review with View on Functional and Structural Relationships in CartilageFriedrich Barsch0Tanja Niedermair1Andreas Mamilos2Volker H. Schmitt3David Grevenstein4Maximilian Babel5Thomas Burgoyne6Amelia Shoemark7Christoph Brochhausen8Institute of Pathology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany and Institute of Exercise and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, GermanyInstitute of Pathology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, GermanyInstitute of Pathology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, GermanyCardiology I, Centre for Cardiology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, 55122 Mainz, GermanyDepartment for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Cologne, 50923 Köln, GermanyInstitute of Pathology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, GermanyRoyal Brompton Hospital and Harefield NHS Trust, SW3 6NP London and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UKRoyal Brompton Hospital and Harefield NHS Trust, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UKInstitute of Pathology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, GermanyCilia are cellular organelles that project from the cell. They occur in nearly all non-hematopoietic tissues and have different functions in different tissues. In mesenchymal tissues primary cilia play a crucial role in the adequate morphogenesis during embryological development. In mature articular cartilage, primary cilia fulfil chemo- and mechanosensitive functions to adapt the cellular mechanisms on extracellular changes and thus, maintain tissue homeostasis and morphometry. Ciliary abnormalities in osteoarthritic cartilage could represent pathophysiological relationships between ciliary dysfunction and tissue deformation. Nevertheless, the molecular and pathophysiological relationships of ‘Primary Cilia’ (PC) in the context of osteoarthritis is not yet fully understood. The present review focuses on the current knowledge about PC and provide a short but not exhaustive overview of their role in cartilage.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/14/4959Primary ciliacartilageosteoarthritismechanotransduction
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Friedrich Barsch
Tanja Niedermair
Andreas Mamilos
Volker H. Schmitt
David Grevenstein
Maximilian Babel
Thomas Burgoyne
Amelia Shoemark
Christoph Brochhausen
spellingShingle Friedrich Barsch
Tanja Niedermair
Andreas Mamilos
Volker H. Schmitt
David Grevenstein
Maximilian Babel
Thomas Burgoyne
Amelia Shoemark
Christoph Brochhausen
Physiological and Pathophysiological Aspects of Primary Cilia—A Literature Review with View on Functional and Structural Relationships in Cartilage
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Primary cilia
cartilage
osteoarthritis
mechanotransduction
author_facet Friedrich Barsch
Tanja Niedermair
Andreas Mamilos
Volker H. Schmitt
David Grevenstein
Maximilian Babel
Thomas Burgoyne
Amelia Shoemark
Christoph Brochhausen
author_sort Friedrich Barsch
title Physiological and Pathophysiological Aspects of Primary Cilia—A Literature Review with View on Functional and Structural Relationships in Cartilage
title_short Physiological and Pathophysiological Aspects of Primary Cilia—A Literature Review with View on Functional and Structural Relationships in Cartilage
title_full Physiological and Pathophysiological Aspects of Primary Cilia—A Literature Review with View on Functional and Structural Relationships in Cartilage
title_fullStr Physiological and Pathophysiological Aspects of Primary Cilia—A Literature Review with View on Functional and Structural Relationships in Cartilage
title_full_unstemmed Physiological and Pathophysiological Aspects of Primary Cilia—A Literature Review with View on Functional and Structural Relationships in Cartilage
title_sort physiological and pathophysiological aspects of primary cilia—a literature review with view on functional and structural relationships in cartilage
publisher MDPI AG
series International Journal of Molecular Sciences
issn 1661-6596
1422-0067
publishDate 2020-07-01
description Cilia are cellular organelles that project from the cell. They occur in nearly all non-hematopoietic tissues and have different functions in different tissues. In mesenchymal tissues primary cilia play a crucial role in the adequate morphogenesis during embryological development. In mature articular cartilage, primary cilia fulfil chemo- and mechanosensitive functions to adapt the cellular mechanisms on extracellular changes and thus, maintain tissue homeostasis and morphometry. Ciliary abnormalities in osteoarthritic cartilage could represent pathophysiological relationships between ciliary dysfunction and tissue deformation. Nevertheless, the molecular and pathophysiological relationships of ‘Primary Cilia’ (PC) in the context of osteoarthritis is not yet fully understood. The present review focuses on the current knowledge about PC and provide a short but not exhaustive overview of their role in cartilage.
topic Primary cilia
cartilage
osteoarthritis
mechanotransduction
url https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/14/4959
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