Recent Advances on Synthetic Methodology Merging C–H Functionalization and C–C Cleavage

• Main Authors: Hamid Azizollahi, José-Antonio García-López
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-12-01
• Series: Molecules
• Subjects: C–H functionalization; C–H activation; C–C cleavage; synthetic methodology; transition-metal catalysis; photocatalysis
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/24/5900

The functionalization of C–H bonds has become a major thread of research in organic synthesis that can be assessed from different angles, for instance depending on the type of catalyst employed or the overall transformation that is carried out. This review compiles recent progress in synthetic methodology that merges the functionalization of C–H bonds along with the cleavage of C–C bonds, either in intra- or intermolecular fashion. The manuscript is organized in two main sections according to the type of substrate in which the cleavage of the C–C bond takes place, basically attending to the scission of strained or unstrained C–C bonds. Furthermore, the related research works have been grouped on the basis of the mechanistic aspects of the different transformations that are carried out, i.e.,: (a) classic transition metal catalysis where organometallic intermediates are involved; (b) processes occurring via radical intermediates generated through the use of radical initiators or photochemically; and (c) reactions that are catalyzed or mediated by suitable Lewis or Brønsted acid or bases, where molecular rearrangements take place. Thus, throughout the review a wide range of synthetic approaches show that the combination of C–H and C–C cleavage in single synthetic operations can serve as a platform to achieve complex molecular skeletons in a straightforward manner, among them interesting carbo- and heterocyclic scaffolds.