PPAR𝛾2Pro12Ala Polymorphism and Human Health
The nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR𝛾) is an important transcription factor regulating adipocyte differentiation, lipid and glucose homeostasis, and insulin sensitivity. Numerous genetic mutations of PPAR𝛾 have been identified and these mutations positi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Hindawi Limited
2009-01-01
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| Series: | PPAR Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/849538 |
| Summary: | The nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR𝛾) is an important transcription factor regulating adipocyte differentiation, lipid and glucose homeostasis, and insulin sensitivity. Numerous genetic mutations of PPAR𝛾 have been identified and these mutations positively or negatively regulate insulin sensitivity. Among these, a relatively common polymorphism of PPAR𝛾, Pro12Ala of PPAR𝛾2, the isoform expressed only in adipose tissue has been shown to be associated with lower body mass index, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and resistance to the risk of type 2 diabetes in human subjects carrying this mutation. Subsequent studies in different ethnic populations, however, have revealed conflicting results, suggesting a complex interaction between the PPAR𝛾2 Pro12Ala polymorphism and environmental factors such as the ratio of dietary unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids and/or between the PPAR𝛾2 Pro12Ala polymorphism and genetic factors such as polymorphic mutations in other genes. In addition, this polymorphic mutation in PPAR𝛾2 is associated with other aspects of human diseases, including cancers, polycystic ovary syndrome, Alzheimer disease and aging. This review will highlight findings from recent studies. |
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| ISSN: | 1687-4757 1687-4765 |