Immunogenicity and Neutralizing Activity Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Full-Length and Subunit Domain Proteins in Young Adult and Old-Aged Mice
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to be expanding the pandemic disease across the globe. Although SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were rapidly developed and approved for emergency use of vaccination in humans, supply and production difficulties are slowing down the global va...
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doaj-8acbbb28d674473f8d668fa75cdc092d2021-03-29T23:04:06ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2021-03-01931631610.3390/vaccines9040316Immunogenicity and Neutralizing Activity Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Full-Length and Subunit Domain Proteins in Young Adult and Old-Aged MiceKi-Hye Kim0Noopur Bhatnagar1Subbiah Jeeva2Judy Oh3Bo Ryoung Park4Chong Hyun Shin5Bao-Zhong Wang6Sang-Moo Kang7Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USASevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to be expanding the pandemic disease across the globe. Although SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were rapidly developed and approved for emergency use of vaccination in humans, supply and production difficulties are slowing down the global vaccination program. The efficacy of many different versions of vaccine candidates and adjuvant effects remain unknown, particularly in the elderly. In this study, we compared the immunogenic properties of SARS-CoV-2 full-length spike (S) ectodomain in young adult and aged mice, S1 with receptor binding domain, and S2 with fusion domain. Full-length S was more immunogenic and effective in inducing IgG antibodies after low dose vaccination, compared to the S1 subunit. Old-aged mice induced SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG antibodies with neutralizing activity after high dose S vaccination. With an increased vaccine dose, S1 was highly effective in inducing neutralizing and receptor-binding inhibiting antibodies, although both S1 and S2 subunit domain vaccines were similarly immunogenic. Adjuvant effects were significant for effective induction of IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes, neutralizing and receptor-binding inhibiting antibodies, and antibody-secreting B cell and interferon-γ secreting T cell immune responses. Results of this study provide information in designing SARS-CoV-2 spike vaccine antigens and effective vaccination in the elderly.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/4/316SARS-CoV-2spikeneutralizing activityRBD-hACE2 inhibitioncellular immunityaged mice |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ki-Hye Kim Noopur Bhatnagar Subbiah Jeeva Judy Oh Bo Ryoung Park Chong Hyun Shin Bao-Zhong Wang Sang-Moo Kang |
spellingShingle |
Ki-Hye Kim Noopur Bhatnagar Subbiah Jeeva Judy Oh Bo Ryoung Park Chong Hyun Shin Bao-Zhong Wang Sang-Moo Kang Immunogenicity and Neutralizing Activity Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Full-Length and Subunit Domain Proteins in Young Adult and Old-Aged Mice Vaccines SARS-CoV-2 spike neutralizing activity RBD-hACE2 inhibition cellular immunity aged mice |
author_facet |
Ki-Hye Kim Noopur Bhatnagar Subbiah Jeeva Judy Oh Bo Ryoung Park Chong Hyun Shin Bao-Zhong Wang Sang-Moo Kang |
author_sort |
Ki-Hye Kim |
title |
Immunogenicity and Neutralizing Activity Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Full-Length and Subunit Domain Proteins in Young Adult and Old-Aged Mice |
title_short |
Immunogenicity and Neutralizing Activity Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Full-Length and Subunit Domain Proteins in Young Adult and Old-Aged Mice |
title_full |
Immunogenicity and Neutralizing Activity Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Full-Length and Subunit Domain Proteins in Young Adult and Old-Aged Mice |
title_fullStr |
Immunogenicity and Neutralizing Activity Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Full-Length and Subunit Domain Proteins in Young Adult and Old-Aged Mice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Immunogenicity and Neutralizing Activity Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Full-Length and Subunit Domain Proteins in Young Adult and Old-Aged Mice |
title_sort |
immunogenicity and neutralizing activity comparison of sars-cov-2 spike full-length and subunit domain proteins in young adult and old-aged mice |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Vaccines |
issn |
2076-393X |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to be expanding the pandemic disease across the globe. Although SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were rapidly developed and approved for emergency use of vaccination in humans, supply and production difficulties are slowing down the global vaccination program. The efficacy of many different versions of vaccine candidates and adjuvant effects remain unknown, particularly in the elderly. In this study, we compared the immunogenic properties of SARS-CoV-2 full-length spike (S) ectodomain in young adult and aged mice, S1 with receptor binding domain, and S2 with fusion domain. Full-length S was more immunogenic and effective in inducing IgG antibodies after low dose vaccination, compared to the S1 subunit. Old-aged mice induced SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG antibodies with neutralizing activity after high dose S vaccination. With an increased vaccine dose, S1 was highly effective in inducing neutralizing and receptor-binding inhibiting antibodies, although both S1 and S2 subunit domain vaccines were similarly immunogenic. Adjuvant effects were significant for effective induction of IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes, neutralizing and receptor-binding inhibiting antibodies, and antibody-secreting B cell and interferon-γ secreting T cell immune responses. Results of this study provide information in designing SARS-CoV-2 spike vaccine antigens and effective vaccination in the elderly. |
topic |
SARS-CoV-2 spike neutralizing activity RBD-hACE2 inhibition cellular immunity aged mice |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/4/316 |
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