Fertilizer shanks to promote soil decompaction in the seeding operation

• Main Authors: Marta Sandra Drescher, Dalvan José Reinert, José Eloir Denardin, Paulo Ivonir Gubiani, Antônio Faganello, Bernardo Rodrigues da Silva, Maísa Carina Zardin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
• Series: Ciência Rural
• Subjects: manejo do solo; descompactação mecânica; estrutura do solo
• Online Access: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000300252&lng=en&tlng=en

ABSTRACT: Intensification of soil compaction process under no-tillage (NT) is motivating the search for alternatives to mitigate soil compaction state. This study evaluated changes in soil physical and hydraulic properties caused by seeder with fertilizer shanks at different depths compared with the double discs lagged seeder, to investigate the possibility of soil decompaction by sowing under NT in southern Brazil. The study was conducted in a clayed Oxisol, for 27 years under NT. Treatments were three planting mechanisms: S0.10m: cutting disc combined with shank acting to 0.10m depth; S0.15m: cutting disc combined with shank acting to 0.15m depth and, D0.07m: double discs lagged acting to 0.07m depth in an experimental randomized block design with four replications. We evaluated the soil mechanical resistance, water infiltration rate, soil bulk density, pore size distribution and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. Results indicated that the use of seeder with fertilizer shanks acting at 0.15m deep promoted the soil decompaction by the reduction of penetration resistance and increase of porosity and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. To have significant increase in water infiltration rate the fertilizer shanks of the seeder must be deepened to the lower limit of the compacted surface layer.