A Highly Accurate, Polynomial-Based Digital Temperature Compensation for Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor in 180 nm CMOS Technology

• Main Authors: Imran Ali, Muhammad Asif, Khuram Shehzad, Muhammad Riaz Ur Rehman, Dong Gyu Kim, Behnam Samadpoor Rikan, YoungGun Pu, Sang Sun Yoo, Kang-Yoon Lee
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-09-01
• Series: Sensors
• Subjects: temperature compensation; digital controller; piezoresistive; pressure sensor; negative temperature coefficient; ACE-Q100
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/18/5256

Recently, piezoresistive-type (PRT) pressure sensors have been gaining attention in variety of applications due to their simplicity, low cost, miniature size and ruggedness. The electrical behavior of a pressure sensor is highly dependent on the temperature gradient which seriously degrades its reliability and reduces measurement accuracy. In this paper, polynomial-based adaptive digital temperature compensation is presented for automotive piezoresistive pressure sensor applications. The non-linear temperature dependency of a pressure sensor is accurately compensated for by incorporating opposite characteristics of the pressure sensor as a function of temperature. The compensation polynomial is fully implemented in a digital system and a scaling technique is introduced to enhance its accuracy. The resource sharing technique is adopted for minimizing controller area and power consumption. The negative temperature coefficient (NTC) instead of proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) or complementary to absolute temperature (CTAT) is used as the temperature-sensing element since it offers the best temperature characteristics for grade 0 ambient temperature operating range according to the automotive electronics council (AEC) test qualification ACE-Q100. The shared structure approach uses an existing analog signal conditioning path, composed of a programmable gain amplifier (PGA) and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). For improving the accuracy over wide range of temperature, a high-resolution sigma-delta ADC is integrated. The measured temperature compensation accuracy is within ±0.068% with full scale when temperature varies from −40 °C to 150 °C according to ACE-Q100. It takes 37 µs to compute the temperature compensation with a clock frequency of 10 MHz. The proposed technique is integrated in an automotive pressure sensor signal conditioning chip using a 180 nm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) process.