Research on Improving Concrete Durability by Biomineralization Technology

• Main Authors: How-Ji Chen, Ming-Cheng Chen, Chao-Wei Tang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-02-01
• Series: Sustainability
• Subjects: biomineralization; durability; self-healing concrete; crack repair
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/3/1242

The interfacial transition zone (ITZ) around aggregates in concrete is a weak area with higher porosity than the matrix; it breaks easily under stress and is not conducive to the durability of concrete. However, the ITZ in concrete is full of calcium hydroxide crystals, which can provide the calcium source required for biomineralization. In view of this, this study aims to use the biological activity (i.e., biomineralization technology) existing in nature to enhance the ITZ in concrete and repair concrete cracks to improve the strength and durability of concrete. In this study, the bacterial strain <i>Sporosarcina pasteurii</i>, which is environmentally friendly, was selected. In addition, lightweight aggregate was used as a bacterial carrier. The bacteria were first sporulated. To protect the strains, the biological species were fixed in porous lightweight aggregates. These lightweight aggregates were then used as concrete aggregates. The planned tests included concrete engineering properties (i.e., compressive strength, chloride ion penetration, and water permeability tests) and residual strength after crack repair. The test results show that the use of lightweight aggregate as a carrier and the implantation of <i>Sporosarcina pasteurii</i> can induce biomineralization, strengthen the ITZ, and repair small internal cracks in concrete, thereby improving the strength and durability of the concrete.