Remnants of Truth: The Role of Archives in Human Rights Trials for Operation Condor

Since General Augusto Pinochet’s detention in 1998, an unprecedented number of human rights trials has taken place across Latin America. The main source of evidence employed in these proceedings are victims’ testimonies: in fact, records documenting human rights violations are generally unavailable,...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Francesca Lessa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Latin American Studies Association 2021-03-01
Series:Latin American Research Review
Online Access:https://larrlasa.org/articles/769
id doaj-83f1d05cb6ec4b78ac2952cedb8b6672
record_format Article
spelling doaj-83f1d05cb6ec4b78ac2952cedb8b66722021-04-27T07:19:44ZengLatin American Studies AssociationLatin American Research Review1542-42782021-03-0156110.25222/larr.769328Remnants of Truth: The Role of Archives in Human Rights Trials for Operation CondorFrancesca Lessa0University of OxfordSince General Augusto Pinochet’s detention in 1998, an unprecedented number of human rights trials has taken place across Latin America. The main source of evidence employed in these proceedings are victims’ testimonies: in fact, records documenting human rights violations are generally unavailable, having either been destroyed or hidden. When archives do exist, they do not usually identify individual perpetrators or victims, nor do they directly establish criminal responsibility. This article focuses on two criminal trials that unfolded in Argentina and Italy and closely probed the atrocities of Operation Condor. It contends that archival documents only contain remnants of truth and fragments of evidence. These slivers have to be interpreted, contextualized, and sometimes even questioned in order to render them relevant and useful to criminal investigations of past atrocities. Specifically, the article deconstructs the role that different trial actors—including public and private prosecutors, archivists, experts, witnesses, lawyers, and judges—played in the courtroom, engaging in proactive efforts to piece together the evidence that archival records possess and activating their content.   Resumen Desde la detención de Pinochet en 1998, se ha llevado a cabo un número sin precedentes de juicios por delitos de lesa humanidad en América Latina. La principal fuente de evidencia son los testimonios de víctimas o familiares, ya que los archivos sobre violaciones de derechos humanos generalmente no están disponibles, habiendo sido destruidos u ocultados. Cuando existen, por lo general, no identifican autores materiales o víctimas, ni tampoco establecen responsabilidades penales. Este artículo se centra en dos juicios llevados a cabo en Argentina e Italia que investigaron las atrocidades de la Operación Cóndor, resaltando como los documentos de archivo solamente contienen piezas de verdad y fragmentos de pruebas. Estos tienen que ser interpretados, contextualizados, y, a veces, hasta puestos en duda a fin de apoyar investigaciones criminales de atrocidades del pasado. Específicamente, el artículo deconstruye el papel que desempeñaron en la sala de audiencias diferentes actores —como fiscales, querellantes, expertos, testigos, abogados y jueces— para armar proactivamente la evidencia encerrada en los archivos y activando sus contenidos.https://larrlasa.org/articles/769
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Francesca Lessa
spellingShingle Francesca Lessa
Remnants of Truth: The Role of Archives in Human Rights Trials for Operation Condor
Latin American Research Review
author_facet Francesca Lessa
author_sort Francesca Lessa
title Remnants of Truth: The Role of Archives in Human Rights Trials for Operation Condor
title_short Remnants of Truth: The Role of Archives in Human Rights Trials for Operation Condor
title_full Remnants of Truth: The Role of Archives in Human Rights Trials for Operation Condor
title_fullStr Remnants of Truth: The Role of Archives in Human Rights Trials for Operation Condor
title_full_unstemmed Remnants of Truth: The Role of Archives in Human Rights Trials for Operation Condor
title_sort remnants of truth: the role of archives in human rights trials for operation condor
publisher Latin American Studies Association
series Latin American Research Review
issn 1542-4278
publishDate 2021-03-01
description Since General Augusto Pinochet’s detention in 1998, an unprecedented number of human rights trials has taken place across Latin America. The main source of evidence employed in these proceedings are victims’ testimonies: in fact, records documenting human rights violations are generally unavailable, having either been destroyed or hidden. When archives do exist, they do not usually identify individual perpetrators or victims, nor do they directly establish criminal responsibility. This article focuses on two criminal trials that unfolded in Argentina and Italy and closely probed the atrocities of Operation Condor. It contends that archival documents only contain remnants of truth and fragments of evidence. These slivers have to be interpreted, contextualized, and sometimes even questioned in order to render them relevant and useful to criminal investigations of past atrocities. Specifically, the article deconstructs the role that different trial actors—including public and private prosecutors, archivists, experts, witnesses, lawyers, and judges—played in the courtroom, engaging in proactive efforts to piece together the evidence that archival records possess and activating their content.   Resumen Desde la detención de Pinochet en 1998, se ha llevado a cabo un número sin precedentes de juicios por delitos de lesa humanidad en América Latina. La principal fuente de evidencia son los testimonios de víctimas o familiares, ya que los archivos sobre violaciones de derechos humanos generalmente no están disponibles, habiendo sido destruidos u ocultados. Cuando existen, por lo general, no identifican autores materiales o víctimas, ni tampoco establecen responsabilidades penales. Este artículo se centra en dos juicios llevados a cabo en Argentina e Italia que investigaron las atrocidades de la Operación Cóndor, resaltando como los documentos de archivo solamente contienen piezas de verdad y fragmentos de pruebas. Estos tienen que ser interpretados, contextualizados, y, a veces, hasta puestos en duda a fin de apoyar investigaciones criminales de atrocidades del pasado. Específicamente, el artículo deconstruye el papel que desempeñaron en la sala de audiencias diferentes actores —como fiscales, querellantes, expertos, testigos, abogados y jueces— para armar proactivamente la evidencia encerrada en los archivos y activando sus contenidos.
url https://larrlasa.org/articles/769
work_keys_str_mv AT francescalessa remnantsoftruththeroleofarchivesinhumanrightstrialsforoperationcondor
_version_ 1721506114004058112